激光增材制造Inconel 718高温合金的研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.20080021

材料导报

2022, Vol. 36

Issue (6): 20080021-10 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.20080021

金属与金属基复合材料

激光增材制造Inconel 718高温合金的研究进展

杨浩, 李尧, 郝建民

长安大学材料科学与工程学院,西安 710064

Research Progress of Laser Additively Manufactured Inconel 718 Superalloy

YANG Hao, LI Yao, HAO Jianmin

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China

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摘要 Inconel 718高温合金具有优异的高温力学性能以及良好的耐热腐蚀性能,被广泛应用于航空航天、燃气轮机、核电及化石等领域。近年来,凭借自由设计和近净成型等特点,激光增材制造技术在Inconel 718等复杂精密零部件的制造领域具有不可替代的作用。激光增材制造技术是一个快速加热与冷却的过程,得到的合金枝晶/胞晶和析出相的尺寸比传统制备工艺更加细小,且表现出跨尺度的多级分层结构,呈现出独特的力学性能相关性。随着人们对激光增材制造Inconel 718高温合金的广泛研究,目前Inconel 718合金的力学性能可以达到甚至超过锻件的水平。然而,激光增材制造的Inconel 718合金内部往往存在显著的凝固织构和较大的残余拉应力,使得合金的力学性能呈各向异性且疲劳持久性能较差,在一定程度上限制了激光增材制造技术的推广应用。因此,需从跨尺度组织结构角度入手,通过工艺参数调控和后处理技术,实现Inconel 718合金的高质量增材制造。本文归纳总结了激光选区熔化和激光立体成形技术在制备 Inconel 718合金方面的研究进展,围绕“工艺参数-显微组织结构-力学性能”的本构关系,重点阐述了不同增材制造工艺及加工参数对Inconel 718中枝晶生长、析出相、晶粒结构以及残余应力等显微组织结构和力学性能的影响,并讨论了激光增材制造Inconel 718高温合金面临的难题及其解决措施。

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	杨浩
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关键词: 激光增材制造 Inconel 718高温合金跨尺度组织结构力学性能

Abstract: Thanks to the excellent high-temperature mechanical properties and the good resistance to hot corrosion, Inconel 718 superalloy is widely used in aerospace, gas turbines, nuclear power and fossil fields. Recently, laser additive manufacturing (LAM) technique, with the characteristics of design freedom and near net shaping, shows great potential applications in the fabrication of complex and precise Inconel 718 components. Owing to the rapid heating and cooling process of LAM, the size of dendrite/cell and precipitates is much finer than that fabricated by traditional methods. Moreover, the resulted hierarchically heterogeneous microstructure shows unique correlation with mechanical properties. With extensive research on the LAM of Inconel 718 superalloy, the mechanical properties can reach or even exceed the as-forged counterparts. Ho-wever, significant solidification texture and large residual tensile stresses in the Inconel 718 superalloys fabricated by LAM give rise to anisotropic mechanical properties and poor fatigue durability, which limits LAM technique to a large certain extent. To this end, the application of LAM technology needs to start from the perspective of multi-scale microstructure, through processing control and post-processing treatment, to achieve high-quality the Inconel 718 superalloys fabricated by LAM. In this article, the research progress of laser selective melting and laser solid forming technology in the fabrication of Inconel 718 superalloy is summarized by focusing on the relationship of process parameters, microstructures and mechanical properties. The effect of LAM methods and processing parameters on the microstructures (such as dendrite growth, precipitates, grain structure and residual stresses) and the mechanical properties are highlighted. In addition, the solutions to the difficulties of the Inconel 718 superalloys fabricated by LAM are discussed.

Key words: laser additive manufacturing Inconel 718 superalloy multi-scale microstructure mechanical properties

出版日期: 2022-03-25 发布日期: 2022-03-21

ZTFLH:

TG132

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(51901026);长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费(300102319301)

通讯作者: liyaomse@chd.edu.cn

作者简介: 杨浩,2019年6月毕业于攀枝花学院,获得工学学士学位。现为长安大学材料科学与工程学院硕士研究生,在郝建民教授及李尧博士的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为激光增材制造镍基高温合金。
李尧,长安大学材料科学与工程学院讲师,硕士研究生导师。2018年6月获得西安交通大学材料科学与工程专业博士学位。近年来主要从事高能束(激光和电子束)焊接/增材制造镍基高温合金和难熔金属间化合物的显微组织与力学性能本构关系的研究,同时致力于同步辐射先进表征技术在材料学科的应用与软件开发。目前在国外学术刊物上发表SCI论文20余篇,包括Nature Communications, Additive Manufacturing, Applied Physics Letters, Materials & Design等国际知名期刊,其中一篇入选 ESI 高被引论文。此外,获得已授权计算机软件著作权2项。

引用本文:

杨浩, 李尧, 郝建民. 激光增材制造Inconel 718高温合金的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2022, 36(6): 20080021-10.
YANG Hao, LI Yao, HAO Jianmin. Research Progress of Laser Additively Manufactured Inconel 718 Superalloy. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(6): 20080021-10.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.20080021 或 http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2022/V36/I6/20080021

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