Effect of Organic Acids on Ultrasonication-assisted Removal of Harmful Metals from Spent FCC Catalysts
YU Yusen1,2, LE Thiquynhxuan1,2,*, WANG Tian1,2, ZHANG Libo1,2
1 State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China 2 Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
Abstract: The main causes of poisoning of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts in the petroleum industry are harmful metals, such as Fe, V and Ni, which reduce the activity of the FCC catalysts. The existing regeneration processes of spent FCC catalysts have problems, such as low metal removal rate, incomplete microstructure, and damaged zeolite Y framework, resulting in the inability of spent FCC catalysts to be reused. An effective method combining organic acids as a leaching agent and ultrasonic radiation was developed in this study to improve the removal effect of harmful metals in spent FCC catalyst without destroying the zeolite Y framework and particle microstructure. The effects of oxidation pretreatment, organic acid type, leaching temperature, leaching time, and ultrasonic power on the zeolite Y framework, particle microstructure, and harmful metal removal were investigated. The experimental results show that the removal effects of different organic acids on harmful metals under ultrasound are in the order from weak to strong as follows: acetic acid, EDTA, oxalic acid + acetic acid, oxalic acid, and the destruction of the microstructure of the spent catalyst particle increases in this order. After leaching in a mixture of oxalic acid and acetic acid for 30 min at 70 ℃ with an ultrasonic power of 250 W, a regenerated catalyst with a complete particle structure and zeolite Y framework was obtained, with the removal rates of V, Fe and Ni 40.7%, 27.5% and 17.2%, respectively. Compared to conventional leaching, ultrasonic leaching exhibited a strengthening effect on removing harmful metals, and the leaching rates of V, Fe and Ni increased by 19.9%, 13.1% and 7.7%, respectively, during the ultrasonic leaching process.
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2023, Vol. 37 
