Research Progress of New La-Mg-Ni System Hydrogen Storage Alloy Phase Structure and Its Preparation Methods
JI Mingyue1, TIAN Xiao1,2,3,*, LIU Xinyu1, TIAN Lu1, YANG Yanchun1,2,3, TA Na1,2,3
1 School of Physics and Electronic Information, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China 2 Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Physics and Chemistry of Functional Materials, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China 3 Inner Mongolia Engineering and Research Center for Rare Earth Functional and New Energy Storage Materials, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
Abstract: La-Mg-Ni system hydrogen storage alloy is considered to be one of the most promising anode materials for nickel-hydrogen battery due to its high discharge capacity, high energy density and good rate performance. However, the La-Mg-Ni system hydrogen storage alloy has the disadvantages of difficult preparation and poor cycle stability, which seriously hinder its practical application. Therefore, how to optimize the preparation process and improve the cycle stability of the La-Mg-Ni system hydrogen storage alloy is the primary problem to be solved. The related research has important academic value. Generally speaking, La-Mg-Ni system hydrogen storage alloys mainly include three crystal structures, AB3-type, A2B7-type and A5B19-type. Each of the three crystal structures is stacked with one AB2 unit and one or more AB5 units along the c axis. The actually prepared La-Mg-Ni system hydrogen storage alloy usually contains a multi-phase structure, and its performance is closely related to the structure of the alloy, while the structure of the alloy is closely related to the preparation process of the alloy. When the La-Mg-Ni system hydrogen storage alloy is prepared by the conventional smelting method, since the melting point and the boiling point of Mg are much lower than that of other alloy components, Mg is very easy to volatilize at high temperature during the smelting process. In addition, the volatilization of Mg makes it difficult to control the reaction, and the alloy composition is inaccurate, which seriously affects the performance of the alloy. Therefore, researchers have tried preparing La-Mg-Ni system hydrogen storage alloys by advanced preparation methods such as ball milling, melt spinning, high pressure sintering, co-precipitation-reduction diffusion method, etc. At the same time, researchers have also tried combining a variety of methods to prepare La-Mg-Ni system hydrogen storage alloys. The influence of the preparation process on the alloy phase structure and its electrochemical performance has also been studied. In recent years, there have been most studies on the combination of two or more preparation processes to prepare La-Mg-Ni system hydrogen storage alloys. It is found that the combination of multiple preparation methods can also significantly improve the electrochemical properties of the La-Mg-Ni system hydrogen storage alloy, especially annealing treatment effectively improving the cycle stability of the La-Mg-Ni system hydrogen storage alloy. The superlattice phase structure in the La-Mg-Ni system hydrogen storage alloy is firstly introduced in this paper. Then, different preparation processes of La-Mg-Ni system hydrogen storage alloys at home and abroad in recent years are focused, including melting, mechanical alloying, sintering, melt-spinning and subsequent treatment of materials. The microstructure and the electrochemical performance of the alloys prepared by different preparation techniques are explored. At the same time, various preparation methods are comprehensively reviewed, providing ideas and basis for the research on how to prepare La-Mg-Ni system hydrogen storage alloys with excellent properties. Finally, the future development trend of La-Mg-Ni system hydrogen storage alloys is analyzed and prospected.
纪铭悦, 田晓, 刘昕瑀, 田璐, 杨艳春, 塔娜. 新型La-Mg-Ni系储氢合金相结构及其制备工艺研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2022, 36(15): 21030222-10.
JI Mingyue, TIAN Xiao, LIU Xinyu, TIAN Lu, YANG Yanchun, TA Na. Research Progress of New La-Mg-Ni System Hydrogen Storage Alloy Phase Structure and Its Preparation Methods. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(15): 21030222-10.
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