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材料导报  2022, Vol. 36 Issue (18): 20090131-9    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.20090131
  高分子与聚合物基复合材料 |
静电纺聚丙烯腈基纳米纤维对重金属离子吸附性能的研究进展
师晓凤, 马应霞*, 李鑫, 康小雅, 李晓华, 杨海军
兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院,省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,兰州 730050
Research Progress on Adsorption Performance of Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile-based Nanofibers for Heavy-metal Ions
SHI Xiaofeng, MA Yingxia*, LI Xin, KANG Xiaoya, LI Xiaohua, YANG Haijun
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
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摘要 含重金属离子污染物的废水由于重金属离子在环境中难以生物降解,且具有毒性和生物富集性,对人类健康和生态环境构成了严重的威胁。因此,如何安全有效地去除废水中的重金属离子就显得尤为重要。
静电纺聚丙烯腈(PAN)纳米纤维富含腈基,可以通过功能化改性引入巯基、胺基、羧基和偕胺肟基等多种功能基团,这些功能基团可以用于选择性吸附废水中的重金属离子。然而,随着腈基转化率的增加,静电纺PAN纳米纤维的柔韧性会变差,导致力学性能下降,从而影响其吸附性能和实际应用。本文主要介绍了通过直接功能化改性、交联接枝改性、聚合物共混改性和有机/无机复合改性制备静电纺PAN基纳米纤维的方法,并对不同方法制备的PAN基纳米纤维吸附重金属离子的性能进行了归纳总结和对比分析,同时对静电纺PAN基纳米纤维未来的研究方向进行了展望。
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师晓凤
马应霞
李鑫
康小雅
李晓华
杨海军
关键词:  聚丙烯腈  静电纺纳米纤维  制备方法  重金属离子  吸附    
Abstract: Wastewater containing heavy-metal ions poses a serious threat to human health and ecological environment, because heavy-metal ions that have toxicity and bio-accumulative properties are difficult to biodegrade in the environment. Therefore, how to safely and effectively remove heavy-metal ions in wastewater is particularly important.
Electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers are rich in nitrile groups. Various functional groups, such as sulfhydryl, amino, carboxyl and amidoxime groups, can be introduced into these nanofibers through functional modification to selectively adsorb heavy-metal ions in wastewater. However, as the conversion rate of nitrile groups increases, the flexibility of electrospun PAN nanofibers will worsen, resulting in decrease in mechanical properties, which will affect adsorption properties and practical applications of such nanofibers. Methods of preparing electrospun PAN-based nanofibers through direct functional modification, cross-linking branch modification, polymer blending modification, and organic/inorganic composite modification, are introduced in this paper. The performance of the resulting fibers on adsorbing heavy-metal ions is summarized and compared, and the outlook of future research directions for electrospun PAN-based nanofibers is also provided.
Key words:  polyacrylonitrile    electrospun nanofiber    preparation method    heavy metal ion    adsorption
收稿日期:  2202-09-25      出版日期:  2022-09-25      发布日期:  2022-09-26
ZTFLH:  TQ340.9  
基金资助: 沈阳材料科学国家研究中心-有色金属加工与再利用国家重点实验室联合基金(18LHPY005)
通讯作者:  *mayx2011818@163.com   
作者简介:  师晓凤,2018年6月毕业于兰州理工大学,获得工学学士学位。现为兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院硕士研究生,在马应霞教授的指导下进行研究。目前主要从事静电纺聚丙烯腈基纳米纤维对重金属离子的吸附性能研究。马应霞,兰州理工大学教授。2012年6月毕业于兰州大学,获得博士学位。主要从事有机/无机纳米杂化材料的构筑、表征和性能研究。主持并完成国家自然科学基金、中国博士后科学基金、甘肃省自然科学基金等科研项目,在Carbon、Journal of Hazardous Materials和Journal of Colloid and Interface Science等国内外重要刊物发表学术论文30余篇。
引用本文:    
师晓凤, 马应霞, 李鑫, 康小雅, 李晓华, 杨海军. 静电纺聚丙烯腈基纳米纤维对重金属离子吸附性能的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2022, 36(18): 20090131-9.
SHI Xiaofeng, MA Yingxia, LI Xin, KANG Xiaoya, LI Xiaohua, YANG Haijun. Research Progress on Adsorption Performance of Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile-based Nanofibers for Heavy-metal Ions. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(18): 20090131-9.
链接本文:  
http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.20090131  或          http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2022/V36/I18/20090131
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