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材料导报  2023, Vol. 37 Issue (23): 22030270-11    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.22030270
  金属与金属基复合材料 |
高速列车铜基摩擦材料的成分设计研究进展
肖金坤1,*, 李天天1, 陈娟2, 张超1
1 扬州大学机械工程学院,江苏 扬州 225127
2 扬州大学测试中心,江苏 扬州 225009
Research Progress on Composition Design of Cu-based Friction Materials for High-speed Trains
XIAO Jinkun1,*, LI Tiantian1, CHEN Juan2, ZHANG Chao1
1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China
2 Testing Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
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摘要 铜基摩擦材料因具有优异的导热、抗氧化、抗高温粘着、摩擦因数稳定和耐磨损等综合性能,广泛应用于高速列车制动系统中,是高速列车安全运行的保障。铜基摩擦材料是采用粉末冶金工艺制备的由金属与非金属组成的多元复合材料,可以通过对材料成分大范围内的调节,实现材料摩擦磨损性能的调控。然而,随着高速列车向高速高能载方向发展,摩擦材料需要承受强表面氧化、高热负荷和高载荷冲击的共同作用,铜基摩擦材料在服役过程中出现基体高温软化、石墨润滑相烧蚀、摩擦衰退、以及掉边角等问题。近年来研究者从材料成分和工艺出发,通过对基体组元的固溶、弥散强化提高基体强度,采取润滑组元的多元复合拓宽温度适应范围,选择金属或合金摩擦组元替代陶瓷摩擦组元以及陶瓷颗粒表面镀铜等方法改善界面结合提高剪切强度。本文系统总结了铜基摩擦材料的成分设计研究进展,分析了各组元成分、含量的变化和发展趋势,综述了基体组元、润滑组元、摩擦组元以及界面结构的调控对材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,最后提出构建材料成分-摩擦层-摩擦磨损性能之间关系,为铜基摩擦材料成分设计提供依据。
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肖金坤
李天天
陈娟
张超
关键词:  铜基摩擦材料  成分设计  摩擦磨损性能  高速列车    
Abstract: Cu-based friction materials are widely used in the braking system of high-speed trains owing to their excellent properties of thermal conductivity, oxidation resistance, high-temperature adhesive resistance, stable friction coefficient and wear resistance. Cu-based friction material is a metal and nonmetal made composite, which is prepared by powder metallurgy process. The friction and wear properties of the material can be improved by adjusting the composition in a wide range. However, with the development of high-speed trains towards high-speed and high-energy load, friction materials have to suffer the combination of strong surface oxidation, high thermal load and high load impact. Problems, such as matrix softening at high temperature, graphite lubricating phase ablating, friction decay and edge loss, occur during the service process of Cu-based friction materials. In recent years, researchers focus on the composition and preparation process. The strength of matrix is improved by solid solution and dispersion strengthening. Multiple compound lubrication components are adopted to broaden the range of temperature adaptation. Using metal or alloy friction components instead of ceramic or copper-plated ceramic particles can improve interface bonding and shear strength. This paper systematically summarizes the research progress on the composition of Cu-based friction materials. The variation and development trends of components and the contents of each component are analyzed. The influences of matrix component, lubrication component, friction component and interfacial structure on tribological properties of materials are reviewed. Finally, the relationships between composition, friction layer and tribological performance are proposed to provide a basis for the composition design of Cu-based friction materials.
Key words:  Cu-based friction materials    composition design    tribological property    high-speed train
出版日期:  2023-12-10      发布日期:  2023-12-08
ZTFLH:  TB331  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(52374372;51804272);扬州大学‘高端人才支持计划';扬州大学‘青蓝工程'
通讯作者:  * 肖金坤,扬州大学机械工程学院副教授、硕士研究生导师。2010年中南大学材料化学专业本科毕业,2015年中南大学粉末冶金研究院材料学专业博士毕业。目前主要从事金属基摩擦材料、新型粉末冶金材料、耐磨涂层材料、滑动电接触材料和摩擦磨损设备的研究工作。jkxiao@yzu.edu.cn   
引用本文:    
肖金坤, 李天天, 陈娟, 张超. 高速列车铜基摩擦材料的成分设计研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2023, 37(23): 22030270-11.
XIAO Jinkun, LI Tiantian, CHEN Juan, ZHANG Chao. Research Progress on Composition Design of Cu-based Friction Materials for High-speed Trains. Materials Reports, 2023, 37(23): 22030270-11.
链接本文:  
http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.22030270  或          http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2023/V37/I23/22030270
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