Study on Microstructure and Interface Characteristics of Automobile Aluminum to Steel Refilled Friction Stir Spot Welding Without Keyhole
ZHANG Zhongke1,*, JIANG Changming1, LI Xuanbai1, XIONG Jianqiang1, TONG Hui2
1 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou Univisity of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China 2 SAIC MOTOR Commercial Vehicle Technical Center, Body Department, Shanghai 200438
Abstract: With the development of lightweight technology, the applications of the dissimilar metals joints between steel and aluminum become more and more widely in modern automobile industry. The keyhole can be eliminated by retracting FSSW process, and it also has low heat input,more refined grain and higher strength. In this work, the dissimilar metals keyhole-free FSSW joints between 0.7 mm steel and 2 mm aluminium alloy were successfully realized. Experimental study friction stir spot welding without keyholes of aluminum and steel dissimilar metals at different welding rotation speed, the effect of the rotation on tensile-shear strength of the speed, the fracture mechanism, the microstructure of different weld zones and the interface behaviour were analysed. In this paper, the author used the friction stir welding machine which was indepen-dently researched and successfully realized the lap connection between 0.7 mm steel plate and 2 mm aluminium alloy plate with different rotating speeds. The results show that the welding speed is 1 200 r/min, the pressing amount is 0.2 mm, and the welding time is 15 s. The welding surface joint has the best mechanical tensile properties, and the fracture location is in the heat mechanical affected zone. Intermetallic compounds (AlFe3, Al13Fe4,AlFe) with a thickness of about 6μm were formed at the lap interface. The microstructure and fracture morphology of the joint were observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy spectrum analysis (EDS), and it was found that the fracture mode was mixed fracture mechanism. The connection at the interface is a mechanical and metallurgical bonding.
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2023, Vol. 37 
