Abstract: As issues of the resource and environment become increasingly prominent, countries all over the world have put forward urgent requirements for the automobile industry to reduce energy consumption and pollution emissions. At the same time, cast heat-resistant aluminum alloy has become the mainstream material for new automobile engine cylinder blocks and pistons, which replaces traditional cast iron owing to its light weight. However, the high-temperature performance of commercial cast aluminum alloys cannot well meet the current application requirements. Meanwhile, rapidly solidified aluminum alloys and aluminum composite materials cannot be widely promoted because of the high cost and the complexity of preparation. Therefore, the current academic and industrial studies mostly focus on the improvement of the heat resistance of cast aluminum alloy and the exploration of new high-temperature strengthening mechanisms. At present, cast heat-resistant aluminum alloys can be divided into three systems: Al-Si, Al-Cu, and Al-Mg. Among them, Al-Si alloys have been widely studied and applied due to their excellent casting fluidity and other molding properties. By adding a variety of elements for alloying, forming various intermetallic compounds with high melting point and good thermal stability in the aluminum alloy to hinder grain boundary movement and dislocation slip is the current mainstream strengthening method. After heat treatment and Si phase modification, further control of the alloy structure is an important strengthening method as well. In addition, optimizing smelting and casting processes, reducing inclusions and casting defects are also of great significance for improving the high-temperature strength of cast aluminum alloys. It is worth noting that recent studies have found that the three-dimensional network interconnection structure of the second phase is closely related to the improvement of the high-temperature performance of the aluminum alloy. Besides high-temperature strength, domestic and foreign scholars are still committed to the study of the creep properties, fatigue properties, and thermal exposure properties of cast aluminum alloys. In this paper, the development and application of cast heat-resistant aluminum alloys are summarized from both the system composition and domestic and foreign commercial products, and the basic methods of organizational and structural control of cast aluminum alloys are analyzed. Moreover, the latest study results on the high-temperature properties of cast aluminum alloys are generalized. Finally, the future directions to the cast heat-resistant aluminum alloys are proposed.
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2022, Vol. 36 
