Abstract: With the frequent occurrence of various public health incidents, the development and application of various antibacterial products have been spawned. Antibacterial materials are classified according to the source of raw materials, including inorganic antibacterial materials, orga-nic antibacterial materials, natural antibacterial materials and synthetic antibacterial materials. As one of the most widely used inorganic metal ma-terials, stainless steel has made some progress in the application of antibacterial materials. There are two methods to obtain antibacterial properties of stainless steel: surface modification and alloying. However, the surface antibacterial stainless steel after abrasion is easy to lose the antibacterial effect, and the antibacterial ion utilization rate of alloy antibacterial stainless steel is low, which leads to unsatisfactory antibacterial effect of stainless steel. This urges intensive research endeavors to optimize antibacterial stainless steel fabrication process, aiming at improving durability and antibacterial efficiency, and expanding the scope of use of antibacterial stainless steel. In recent years, in order to improve the service life and antibacterial properties of antibacterial stainless steel, a variety of preparation technologies of antibacterial stainless steel have been developed. Adding antibacterial elements to stainless steel surface by deposition, penetration, implantation and spraying can increase the thickness of antibacterial layer and stabilize the antibacterial effect. At the same time, an appropriate amount of antibacterial metal elements added to stainless steel, after appropriate antibacterial treatment, can be continuously released in the me-dium, which make antibacterial rate greatly improve. In addition, in order to meet the use demand of antibacterial stainless steel in biomedical field and realize the organic combination of antibacterial property and biocompatibility, some biocompatible substances such as hydroxyapatite and poly (L-lactide-caprolactone) are often introduced into the surface, or use advanced preparation technology to control the release concentration of harmful metal ions, which can achieve the organic combination of antibacterial properties and biocompatibility. This paper summarizes the research status of various antibacterial stainless steels at home and abroad in the past decade. The antibacterial principles, characteristics of surface modified antibacterial stainless steel and alloy antibacterial stainless steel and the related manufacturing met-hods are introduced. In addition, due to the limitations of traditional manufacturing method, such as poor antibacterial durability, long preparation cycle, large material wear, and serious environmental pollution, additive manufacturing is considered as a new technique for producing antibacterial stainless steel. This developed technique exhibits the personalized customization, short time manufacturing, precision machining and other advantages to replace the above shortcomings of subtractive manufacturing. The application of additive manufacturing antibacterial materials in the medical care is also introduced in this paper.
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2021, Vol. 35 
