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材料导报  2021, Vol. 35 Issue (19): 19161-19169    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.20100160
  金属与金属基复合材料 |
抽油杆钢材的发展和抽油杆的服役失效
董振东1, 童志1, 周洪宇1, 王慧敏1, 郑文跃1, 孙晓冉1, 丁辉2
1 北京科技大学国家材料服役安全科学中心,北京 100083
2 河钢集团石钢公司,石家庄 050031
Service Failure of Sucker Rods and Development of Sucker Rod Steels: a Review
DONG Zhendong1, TONG Zhi1, ZHOU Hongyu1, WANG Huimin1, ZHENG Wenyue1, SUN Xiaoran1, DING Hui2
1 National Center for Materials Service Safety, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2 HBIS Group Shisteel Company, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China
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摘要 抽油杆可以把地面抽油机动能传递给抽油泵,是石油生产中重要的工件之一。随着采油工程向腐蚀井、深井、超深井发展,普通抽油杆的耐蚀性、抗拉强度和疲劳强度等性能已不能满足生产要求。本文综述了C级、D级、KD级和H级抽油杆的分类标准、制备方法、应用环境及面临的挑战。
抽油杆钢服役失效包括腐蚀、疲劳、机械磨损等。分析发现,抽油杆的失效主要是疲劳断裂或腐蚀疲劳断裂。在腐蚀性环境条件下,抽油杆会发生表面电化学腐蚀,形成腐蚀坑,而腐蚀坑是疲劳裂纹的主要萌生源。在拉-拉或拉-压载荷的作用下,抽油杆发生疲劳断裂。
本文简单介绍了抽油杆在各油田中的服役环境及抽油杆的发展史,通过对比抽油杆不同热处理工艺所产生的微观组织,探索其防腐蚀、防氢脆、防疲劳的机理,同时分析了抽油杆在使用过程中常见的腐蚀、疲劳、磨损等失效原因和机制,最后对未来开发高性能抽油杆的可行途径进行了探讨。
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董振东
童志
周洪宇
王慧敏
郑文跃
孙晓冉
丁辉
关键词:  抽油杆钢  热处理工艺  失效  疲劳  氢脆    
Abstract: As one of the important work pieces in oil production, sucker rods can transfer the kinetic energy of the ground pumping unit to the well pump. With the development of oil production engineering to corrosion wells, deep wells and even ultra-deep wells, the corrosion resistance, tensile strength, fatigue strength, and other properties of the ordinary sucker rod cannot meet the production requirements. This review summarizes classification standard of sucker rods, preparation methods, the application environment, and challenges of different grades of sucker rods (C, D, KD, and H grades).
Service failures of sucker rod steel include corrosion, fatigue, mechanical wear, and so on. It is found that the failure of sucker rods is mainly caused by fatigue or corrosion fatigue. Under a corrosive environment, the sucker rod can form corrosion pittings, caused by electrochemical corrosion, which are the main source of a fatigue cracking. Under the action of pull-pull load or pull-push load, the sucker rod will fail owing to the fatigue fracture.
This paper briefly introduces the service environment of sucker rod in various oil fields and the development history of sucker rod steel. The mechanism of anti-corrosion, resistance to hydrogen embrittlement and anti-fatigue of sucker rods is explored via the comparison of the microstructures from different heat treatment processes. Simultaneously the failure reasons and mechanisms of the common corrosion, fatigue and wear during the sucker rod operation are analyzed. Finally, the feasible way of developing high performance sucker rod in the future is discussed.
Key words:  sucker rod steel    heat treatment process    failure    fatigue    hydrogen embrittlement
               出版日期:  2021-10-10      发布日期:  2021-11-03
ZTFLH:  TE3  
基金资助: 北京市科技计划项目(Z201100004520011);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(FRF-TP-19-012A1)
通讯作者:  zheng_wenyue@ustb.edu.cn, hyzhou@ustb.edu.cn   
作者简介:  董振东,2016年毕业于青岛科技大学,获得工学学士学位。现为北京科技大学国家材料服役安全科学中心硕士研究生,在郑文跃教授指导下进行研究。主要研究方向为材料抗氢脆性能。
周洪宇,北京科技大学国家材料服役安全科学中心助理研究员。2010年毕业于佳木斯大学,获得工学学士学位。2018年毕业于北京科技大学,获得工学博士学位。目前主要研究方向为钢材服役性能优化和电子封装用金刚石/铝复合材料。发表文章8篇,授权专利5项。
郑文跃,国家特聘专家,北京科技大学杰出学者,国家材料服役安全科学中心教授、博士研究生导师。1983年毕业于北京钢铁学院,1988年获得英国曼彻斯特大学博士学位。新金属材料国家重点实验室客座教授、CSTM标准委员会材料服役标准分委会会员。目前主要研究方向为金属开裂与材料的环境损伤、高温高腐蚀性环境金属结构及涂层的设计、能源装备中材料的服役性能和防护涂层技术及在石油、交通等领域的应用。著书5部,在SCI、EI期刊及会议发表论文100余篇,非公开的商业报告30余篇。
引用本文:    
董振东, 童志, 周洪宇, 王慧敏, 郑文跃, 孙晓冉, 丁辉. 抽油杆钢材的发展和抽油杆的服役失效[J]. 材料导报, 2021, 35(19): 19161-19169.
DONG Zhendong, TONG Zhi, ZHOU Hongyu, WANG Huimin, ZHENG Wenyue, SUN Xiaoran, DING Hui. Service Failure of Sucker Rods and Development of Sucker Rod Steels: a Review. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(19): 19161-19169.
链接本文:  
http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.20100160  或          http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2021/V35/I19/19161
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