Research Progress of Cathode Materials for Aqueous Zinc Ion Battery
CAO Pengfei1, LIU Yating1, CHEN Ni1, TANG Wenjing1, LI Fuzhi1, XIA Yong1, SUN Aokui1,2,*
1 School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, Hunan, China 2 School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Abstract: Aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs), a new type of aqueous secondary batteries proposed in recent years, show great practical value and developmental prospects in the field of scale energy storage including electric vehicle and energy storage grid owing to their high energy density and high power density, safe and efficient discharge processes, cheap and nontoxic electrode materials and simple manufacturing process. At present, one of the main factors hindering the further development of ZIBs is the lack of suitable cathode materials. Due to the large ion radius of Zn2+ and its hydrated ions, it will cause irreversible deformation or structural collapse of the cathode electrode material during insertion/desorption process, resulting in a rapid decline in battery capacitance. The poor conductivity of the cathode electrode material and serious electrode polarization during charging and discharging cause the charging voltage of cathode partially overlaps with the oxygen evolution voltage. As a result, the cathode electrode material will catalyze the water to produce oxygen, causing the battery flatulence to invalid during the charging process.Moreover, the strong electrostatic interaction between the divalent Zn2+ and the crystal structure of the cathode electrode material leads to unsatisfactory Zn2+ insertion capacitance. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a cathode material that can provide high capacity and maintain good structural stability during Zn2+ insertion/desorption process. In view of the shortcomings of the cathode material of the ZIBs, a variety of modification methods are used to improve their performance: (Ⅰ) guest particles, such as metal ions, organic molecules and water molecules, are introduce in to the host so a more stable frame can be obtained through its structural changes; (Ⅱ) intrinsic mixed valence materials are prepared because of their better adaptability to the volume changes and valence changes of the cathode electrode material during charging and discharging; (Ⅲ) introduce oxygen vacancies to increase active sites to promote Zn2+ diffusion kinetics and increase material capacity; (Ⅳ) conductive materials are composed to improve the overall conductivity of the material and enhance structural stability; (Ⅴ) the nanostructure modification is carried out to enlarge specific surface area of cathode material, shorten the Zn2+ diffusion distance and increase the contact area of electrochemical reaction. This article gives a brief introduction to ZIBs, its advantages and its energy storage mechanisms. Based on the key role of cathode materials in ZIBs, several common cathode materials such as manganese-based oxides, vanadium-based oxides, and prussian blue analogs are emphatically reviewed. Moreover, the structures, properties and defects of all above cathode materials are expounded, and the modification methods including doping guest particles, compositing with conductive materials, preparing intrinsic mixed valence states and constructing nanostructures are primarily discussed. At the end of this view, we pointed out several promising directions of the development of cathode materials for ZIBs.
作者简介: 曹鹏飞,2018年6月毕业于湖南工业大学,获得学士学位。现为湖南工业大学包装与材料工程学院硕士研究生,在孙翱魁博士的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为水系锌离子电池钼基正极材料。 孙翱魁,湖南工业大学包装与材料工程学院讲师、硕士研究生导师,湖南省青年骨干教师。2008年本科毕业于中南大学材料科学与工程学院,2016年在中南大学材料科学与工程学院材料加工工程专业取得博士学位。主要从事金属纳米粉末的制备及致密化、水系锌离子电池正极材料的开发等工作。近年来,在Applied Surface Science、International Journal of Hydrogen Energy和Journal of Alloys and Compounds等期刊发表论文30余篇。
引用本文:
曹鹏飞, 刘雅婷, 陈妮, 汤文静, 李福枝, 夏勇, 孙翱魁. 水系锌离子电池正极材料的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2022, 36(23): 21010239-13.
CAO Pengfei, LIU Yating, CHEN Ni, TANG Wenjing, LI Fuzhi, XIA Yong, SUN Aokui. Research Progress of Cathode Materials for Aqueous Zinc Ion Battery. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(23): 21010239-13.
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2022, Vol. 36 
