1 Kunming Hendera Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Kunming 650106, China; 2 Research Center of Metallurgical Electrode Materials Engineering Technology, Yunnan Province, Kunming 650106, China; 3 College of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
Abstract: Li-rich manganese cathode material (LMCM) is regarded as the next generation of cathode materials for lithium battery due to its advantages such as high discharge specific capacity (250 mAh·g-1@0.1C), high voltage, low manufacturing cost and environmental protection, and it is a key electrode material for lithium batteries with energy density exceeding 400 Wh/kg. In order to solve the problems existing in LMCM, researchers have done a lot of research work. On the one hand, the capacity characteristics and structural evolution of LMCM during the cycle are studied to provide a theoretical basis for LMCM optimization modification. On the other hand, modification method such as surface coating, ion doping, surface acid treatment and other methods has been carried out to improve the electrochemical performance of LMCM, although achieved certain results, but it can not fully meet the needs of use. Therefore, in recent years, researchers have begun to continue to try to optimize the structure of the material and adjust the active crystal plane. While maintaining the advantages of LMCM, it further improves the rate capability and cycle life of the material, reduces the first irreversible capacity loss, and suppresses the voltage decay during the cycle. The main research directions for the optimization of the crystal structure of materials are the construction of defect systems, layered-spinel he-terostructures, micro-nano structures, porous structures, etc. The optimized structure can effectively shorten the Li+ diffusion path during the charge and discharge process and improve the structure strength of the material, reduce the migration of transition metal ions and the phase transition, enhance the permeability of the electrolyte, effectively improve the structure and electrochemical stability of the material; and the crystal plane control by building a structure with α-NaFeO2 and the crystal direction parallel to the lithium layer as the electrochemical active surface for Li+ deintercalation, the crystal plane provides a clear path for Li+ diffusion, which can not only shorten the Li+ diffusion distance, but also increase the rate of Li+ deintercalation, thereby enhancing the material’s ability to charge and discharge at high currents. In this paper, the research progress of LMCM is summarized, and the capacity characteristics, structural evolution, structural optimization, electrochemical active crystal plane control of materials are introduced respectively. The research results and problems of LMCM are analyzed, and the future research direction is prospected, in order to provide reference for the design and controllable preparation of LMCM.
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