Research Progress on Solvent Resistance of Polycarbonate
ZOU Zaiping1,2, WU Yuemei1, ZHAO Xiuli2
1 Applied Research Center of Advanced Composite Manufacturing Technology, Chengdu Aeronautic Polytechnic, Chengdu 610100, China 2 Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621000, China
Abstract: Polycarbonate (PC) is a kind of general engineering plastics with excellent comprehensive properties. It has good impact resistance, electrical insulation, light transmittance, creep resistance and aging resistance. At present, PC has been widely used in aviation and automobile industry, building materials, medical and health care, household appliances and other fields. However, due to the loose molecular network and a large number of ester groups, PC has the disadvantage of poor solvent resistance, especially in the environment of organic solvent and alkaline solution, it is easy to occur swelling and stress cracking, which leads to product scrapping and hinders the further rapid development of PC. At present, in view of the poor solvent resistance of PC, academia and industry have carried out extensive research. The structure of polymer material determines its performance, and its solvent resistance is closely related to the internal structure of the material. Therefore, the improvement of the solvent resistance of PC can be realized from the material structure through chemical or physical modification. In addition, from the perspective of practical product application, through the surface treatment of products or the application of transfer coating, it can avoid the direct contact between the internal materials of products and sensitive solvents, thus reducing the risk of PC solvent stress cracking. Although the relevant research has been fruitful, the mechanism of chemical or physical modification methods is still lack of systematic research. There are still some problems in the cost, aging and material subsequent processing of surface treatment methods. And the potential of solvent resistance of PC is expected to be further explored. In view of few articles at home and abroad to summarize the solvent resistance of PC, the basic situation of solvent resistance of PC is briefly introduced. And the test methods of environmental stress cracking of polymer are introduced, too. Then, the ways of improving solvent resistance of PC and its products are summarized from three aspects: chemical modification, physical blending and surface treatment. Finally, the research status at home and abroad is summarized and prospected. It is pointed out that physical blending is the most effective method to prepare solvent-resistant PC at present. And the synergistic aging of solvents with environmental factors such as temperature and ultraviolet radiation should be further studied in the future.
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2021, Vol. 35 
