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材料导报  2021, Vol. 35 Issue (9): 9003-9008    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.21020050
  轻质合金 |
细晶Al-Si-Mg合金的组织遗传性与高屈服强度设计
李道秀1, 韩梦霞1, 张将2, 彭银江2, 孙谦谦1,3, 刘桂亮1,3, 刘相法1,*
1 山东大学材料液固结构演变与加工教育部重点实验室,济南 250061
2 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院,宁波 315103
3 山东吕美熔体技术有限公司,济南 250061
Microstructure Heredity and High Yield Strength Design of Fine Grained Al-Si-Mg Alloys
LI Daoxiu1, HAN Mengxia1, ZHANG Jiang2, PENG Yinjiang2, SUN Qianqian1,3, LIU Guiliang1,3, LIU Xiangfa1,*
1 Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
2 Ningbo Branch of Chinese Academy of Ordnance Science, Ningbo 315103, China
3 Shandong Al & Mg Melt Tech. Co., Ltd., Jinan 250061, China
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摘要 常规Al-Si-Mg合金铸锭(如A356铸棒)晶粒异常粗大,重熔后导致铸件存在微观缩松、组织成分不均匀、合金性能较差等问题,因此有效控制其晶粒尺寸至关重要。将细晶A356铝合金重熔,研究其组织遗传性,并通过电子探针(EPMA)表征形核质点、差式扫描量热(DSC)分析其凝固过程,揭示了其遗传机理,且利用该细晶(A356铝合金)设计了高强度的Al-Si-Mg合金。研究结果表明,细晶A356铝合金重熔后仍为细晶组织,其平均晶粒尺寸为74.9 μm。该种铝合金α-Al晶粒的中心处含有三元TiCB化合物粒子(TCB),合金重熔后即使经过长时间保温该粒子仍可稳定存在于熔体中,能够降低合金的形核过冷度,对α-Al起到形核作用,因此其细化效果得以保留,使细晶组织具有遗传性。此外,重熔后的细晶A356铝合金的抗拉强度为312.5 MPa,延伸率达到12.5%;在此基础上加入少量Mg以进一步提高其强度,设计得到的Al-Si-Mg合金的力学性能优异,特别是在延伸率为3.9%的情况下,Al-7Si-0.8Mg合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度分别高达386.4 MPa、352.9 MPa。
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李道秀
韩梦霞
张将
彭银江
孙谦谦
刘桂亮
刘相法
关键词:  Al-Si-Mg合金  组织遗传性  晶粒细化  力学性能    
Abstract: The grain size of conventional Al-Si-Mg alloy ingot (such as A356 cast ingot) is abnormally coarse, which leads to the casting defects of microstructure shrinkage and porosity, uneven structure composition and poor performance after remelting. Therefore, it is very important to control its grain size effectively. In this work, a fine grained A356 alloy was remelted and its microstructure heredity was studied. The Al-Si-Mg alloy with high strength was designed by using the fine grain A356 aluminum alloy. To reveal the correlative heredity mechanism, the nucleation particle of the fine grained A356 aluminum alloy was characterized by electron microprobe (EPMA), and the solidification process was analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that the average grain size of the fine grained A356 aluminum alloy was 74.9 μm after remelting. It is found that the α-Al grains of the fine grained A356 aluminum alloy contains ternary compound TiCB particles (TCB). The particles are stable in the remelted A356 aluminum alloy, which are able to reduce the supercooling degree of the alloy. Therefore, even if remelted for a long time, it is qualified for α-Al nucleating and retain the high-efficiency refining effect. In addition, the tensile strength of the fine grain A356 aluminum alloy after remelting is 312.5 MPa, and the elongation reaches 12.5%. On this basis, a small amount of Mg was added to improve the strength. The designed Al-Si-Mg alloy has excellent mechanical property. The tensile strength and yield strength of Al-7Si-0.8Mg alloy are 386.4 MPa and 352.9 MPa, respectively, while the elongation remains at 3.9%.
Key words:  Al-Si-Mg alloys    microstructure heredity    grain refinement    mechanical property
               出版日期:  2021-05-10      发布日期:  2021-05-31
ZTFLH:  TG292  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(52071189);宁波市2025重大专项项目(2019B10099)
通讯作者:  liu@sdu.edu.cn   
作者简介:  李道秀,山东大学博士研究生,2016年9月至2019年4月在西北工业大学获得材料工程硕士学位,2019年至今在山东大学攻读博士学位。研究工作主要围绕铝合金,特别是铝硅系合金的细化及强化设计。
刘相法,山东大学教授,博士研究生导师。国家杰出青年科学基金获得者,泰山学者,山东省有突出贡献的中青年专家。主要从事液态金属团簇结构演变与调控理论、纳米晶种合金的研制与组织调控、耐热高强铝合金及其复合材料的研究工作。承担了包括国家973课题、国家杰出青年基金、国家自然科学基金重点及面上项目等国家及省部级项目20余项;获山东省技术发明一等奖1项,山东省科技进步一等奖1项,国家技术发明四等奖1项,省部级二等奖5项,授权国家发明专利28项,并产业化18项,发表SCI收录论文200余篇,被引2 500余次,出版专著2部。
引用本文:    
李道秀, 韩梦霞, 张将, 彭银江, 孙谦谦, 刘桂亮, 刘相法. 细晶Al-Si-Mg合金的组织遗传性与高屈服强度设计[J]. 材料导报, 2021, 35(9): 9003-9008.
LI Daoxiu, HAN Mengxia, ZHANG Jiang, PENG Yinjiang, SUN Qianqian, LIU Guiliang, LIU Xiangfa. Microstructure Heredity and High Yield Strength Design of Fine Grained Al-Si-Mg Alloys. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(9): 9003-9008.
链接本文:  
http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.21020050  或          http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2021/V35/I9/9003
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