Research Progress of Material Removal Mechanism in Plane Lapping and Polishing of Hard-Brittle Materials
LIU Ning, ZHU Yongwei, LI Xue, WU Pengfei
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Precision and Micro-manufacturing Technology,College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
Abstract: Hard-brittle materials have low expansion coefficient, high strength and stable chemical properties, which are widely used in aerospace, optical devices, integrated circuits and other key industry fields. However, brittle fracture issue is easy to occur due to its high hardness and poor toughness, and it will severely affect processing efficiency and surface quality. Therefore, how to achieve the high material removal rate (MRR) and gain a low-damage machined surface is the main challenge for hard-brittle materials at present. Lapping and polishing are the common processing methods to realize the surface flattening of hard-brittle materials, which can obtain the good MRR and nano-scale surface roughness. The workpiece is removed by cutting, ploughing, squeezing and scratching of abrasives during the lapping process, and this removal form is efficient but will cause the serious subsurface damage. Thus, the chemical reaction between slurry and workpiece materials is usually utilized in polishing process to further eliminate the damage and improve the surface quality. Nevertheless, the machining systems of the lapping and polishing are complicated with many influencing factors. In order to regulate the processing parameters rationally, it is necessary to study the material removal mechanism deeply. Currently, the material removal mechanism of hard-brittle materials can be divided into two aspects, mechanical effect and chemical-mechanical synergistic operation. The mechanical effect can be classified as ductile removal and brittle removal, while the chemical-mechanical synergistic operation is manifested as solid-phase reactions and chemical bonding and fracture, which result from friction and slurry respectively. This paper introduces several processing technologies for hard-brittle materials in plane lapping and polishing, and reviews the material removal mechanism from the perspective of mechanical and chemical-mechanical synergy effect. Finally, we focus on the problems confronting in the current investigation and prospect the research directions in the future.
刘宁, 朱永伟, 李学, 吴鹏飞. 硬脆材料平面研抛的材料去除机理研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2022, 36(7): 21060121-12.
LIU Ning, ZHU Yongwei, LI Xue, WU Pengfei. Research Progress of Material Removal Mechanism in Plane Lapping and Polishing of Hard-Brittle Materials. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(7): 21060121-12.
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