1 Key Laboratory of Road Construction Technology & Equipment of Ministry of Education, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China 2 Key Laboratory for Special Area Highway Engineering of Ministry of Education, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
Abstract: China is the country with the longest miles of Portland cement concrete (PCC) pavement in the world. PCC pavement is widely applied in rural areas and tunnels of high-grade highway. The surface textures of PCC pavement in long tunnel are easy to be worn to be a mirror. So its surface friction declines rapidly to cause more traffic accidents. Surface textures of PCC pavement are the main parts to provide anti-skidding performance and make noise. The surface textures of PCC pavement are mainly made up of macrotexture and microtexture. Macrotexture is formed by construction, which allows water to escape beneath a vehicle’s tires to prevent hydroplaning. Microtexture is the fine-scale roughness contributed by the fine aggregate in the concrete mortar to provide surface friction on sunny days. According to the construction time, the textures of PCC pavement can be classified as fresh and harden concrete. Textures for fresh concrete are done between the placement and curing of concrete. The forms include burlap dragging, transverse brooming, transverse or longitudinal tining. Transverse tining is the most common texturing technique used by state highway agencies. Textures for harden concrete are done after the formation of its strength. The forms include diamond grinding, diamond grooving and next generation concrete surface (NGCS). They are also available for restoring surface friction or lowering tire-pavement noise on existing PCC pavement. Because of aggregate and concrete strength, diamond grinding has some defects on land area. The next generation concrete surface is the most recent new concrete texture introduced in the past 20 years. It synthesizes diamond grinding and grooving techniques to make a diffe-rent texture which are more consistent and durable. The main problems of PCC concrete are tire-pavement noise and wearing of textures. On-Board Sound Intensity (OBSI) is applied to evaluate the noise of textures. Transverse tining makes the loudest noise of all of the textures. NGCS and conventional diamond grinding (CDG) seem to be the quietest pavements. Exposed aggregate makes louder noise itself, but with combination of NGCS or CDG, it can be quiet a lot. The ASTM E274 locked-wheel skid method is used to measure friction. The loss of friction is attributed to the wearing of textures. NGCS has stable friction because of wider land area. Transverse grooving is widely used in China. There are less researches about PCC textures on mainland. Most of them are focused on the construction parameters of transverse grooving. There are less applications for other forms of textures. For the exposed aggregate, there are more researches than applications. Diamond grinding is still confined to the research stage. It is the first time for the NGCS that is introduced to China. This review offers the research progress of PCC textures. The types, construction parameters, application and problem were emphasized. Textures have great impact on tire-pavement noise and friction. New textures introduced by this paper could provide reference for the future application of PCC with lower noise and stable friction.
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2020, Vol. 34 
