High-temperature Oxidation Behavior of Stainless Steel for Exhaust System Under Automotive Exhaust Environment
GAO Shenglun1, SUN Bin1,*, CHENG Lei2, LIU Zhenyu2
1 Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Rolling Technology and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Abstract: The effect of different times and temperatures on the oxidation efficiency and iron oxide scale morphology of 444 ferritic stainless steel in the atmosphere of synthesis exhaust gas were studied by cyclic oxidation test. The results show that the change of total oxidation weight of stainless steel sample is relatively small at 950 ℃ in the atmosphere of synthesis exhaust gas. The weight gain per unit area of the sample oxidized at 950 ℃ for 100 h is about 85.7% less than that oxidized at 1 050 ℃ for 100 h. The increase in temperature increases the oxidation rate of stainless steel and accelerates the breakaway oxidation process. When the oxidation temperatures are 950 ℃ and 1 050 ℃, the iron oxide scale on the metal surface can be roughly divided into two layers. The surface oxidation products are mainly composed of Fe-Cr spinel and Mn-Cr spinel. The inner layer is primarily Cr2O3. There is a silicon oxide enrichment layer at the interface between the iron oxide scale and the substrate, and there are silicon and titanium internal oxides in the substrate near the iron oxide scale. When the oxidation reaction temperature is 1 050 ℃ and the oxidation time is 70 h, oxide nodules are produced on the oxide scale. The oxide nodules’ outer layer is mainly iron oxide, and the inner layer is primarily iron chromium oxide. When stainless steel was oxidized at 1 050 ℃, three kinds of protrusions were observed at the interface between the iron oxide scale and substrate. The protrusions were trapped in the silicon enrichment layer and iron oxide scale and almost disappeared after 100 h of oxidation. The growth of the silicon-enriched layer is related to protrusion formation.
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2023, Vol. 37 
