电磁屏蔽机理及涂敷/结构型吸波复合材料研究进展

材料导报

2021, Vol. 35

Issue (Z1): 62-70

无机非金属及其复合材料

电磁屏蔽机理及涂敷/结构型吸波复合材料研究进展

张明伟¹, 曲冠达¹, 庞梦瑶¹, 刘瑞¹, 曹贯宇², 李泽², 陈子帅¹, 刘景顺¹

1 内蒙古工业大学材料科学与工程学院,呼和浩特 010051
2 哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院,哈尔滨 150001

Research Progress of Electromagnetic Shielding Mechanism and Coated/Structural Absorbing Composite Materials

ZHANG Mingwei¹, QU Guanda¹, PANG Mengyao¹, LIU Rui¹, CAO Guanyu², LI Ze², CHEN Zishuai¹, LIU Jingshun¹

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

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摘要电子产品和通讯技术快速发展造成的电磁污染日益严重,既危害人体健康和仪器仪表精度,又会造成信息泄露、失去安全保障等。因此,电磁屏蔽技术为直接有效的防控措施之一,通过衰减甚至完全消除电磁波来阻止电磁波的传递。电磁屏蔽机理包括电磁波反射和电磁波吸收两个方面,科学地设计制备出高性能的吸波复合材料已成为研究的热点问题之一。研究结果表明,电磁波衰减不仅需要吸波材料自身较好的电磁损耗性能,更需电磁波能够基于自由空间与基体材料间具有阻抗匹配特性,有效进入吸波材料内部,使电磁波能被吸波剂高效吸收。通常,按照制备工艺划分,吸波复合材料可分为涂敷型和结构型吸波复合材料两大类。前者是将吸波剂与涂料、粘合剂等充分混合后涂敷于元件表面作为吸波涂层,而后者则是以吸波剂作为功能载体,具有优良物理化学特性的材料作为基体,并与功能载体产生协同或增强作用的新型吸波复合材料。
本文通过对电磁屏蔽理论及吸波材料的本征特性进行系统的总结归纳,并基于相关理论基础对涂敷/结构型吸波复合材料进行简要综述,对比不同类型吸波材料的吸波性能,探讨涂敷/结构型吸波复合材料未来发展的制约因素及今后发展前景,为开发新型吸波复合材料提供理论支撑和研究思路。

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	张明伟
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	曹贯宇
	李泽
	陈子帅
	刘景顺

关键词: 电磁屏蔽吸波性能反射损耗涂敷型吸波材料结构型吸波材料

Abstract: The increasingly serious electromagnetic pollution was caused by the rapid development of electronic products and communication technology, which not only endangers human health and instrument precision, but also causes information leakage and loss of safety guarantee. Electromagnetic shielding technology is one of the direct and effective prevention and control method, which can prevent the transmission of electromagnetic waves by attenuated or even completely eliminate electromagnetic waves. The mechanism of electromagnetic shielding includes electromagnetic wave reflection and electromagnetic wave absorption. The scientific design and preparation of high-performance absorbing composite materials has become one of the hot issues in research. The results show that the electromagnetic wave attenuation not only requires an excellent electromagnetic loss performance of the absorbing material, but also requires the electromagnetic wave to be able to effectively enter into the absorbing material based on the impedance matching characteristics between the free space and the matrix material, so that the electromagnetic wave can be efficiently absorbed by the absorbing agent. Generally, according to the preparation process, absorbing composites can be divided into coated absorbing composites and structural absorbing composites. The former is fully mixed with absorbing agents, paints, adhesives, etc., and then coated on the surface of the components as absorbing coatings, while the latter is a new type of absorbing composites which uses absorbing agent as the functional carrier, materials with excellent physical and chemical properties as the matrix, and has synergistic or enhanced effect with the functional carrier.
This paper systematically summarizes the electromagnetic shielding theory and the intrinsic characteristics of the wave absorbing materials, and briefly reviews the coated/structural absorbing composite materials based on related theoretical basis, comparing the absorbing properties of different types of absorbing materials, discusses coating/structural absorbing composite materials for the future development of restricting factors and the future development prospect. It provides theoretical support and research ideas for the development of new wave absorbing composites.

Key words: electromagnetic shielding absorbing performance reflection loss coated absorbing materials structural absorbing materials

发布日期: 2021-07-16

ZTFLH:

TB34

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(51871124;52061035);内蒙古自治区“草原英才”项目(CYYC9025);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金杰出青年培育基金项目(2020JQ05);内蒙古工业大学材料学重点学科团队建设项目( ZD202012)

通讯作者: ngdljsh@imut.edu.cn

作者简介: 张明伟,2018年毕业于辽宁工业大学,获工学学士学位。现为内蒙古工业大学材料科学与工程学院材料科学与工程学科硕士研究生。目前主要从事电磁屏蔽及吸波功能复合材料的开发及应用研究工作。刘景顺,内蒙古工业大学材料科学与工程学院教授、博士研究生导师。2013年毕业于哈尔滨工业大学材料加工工程专业,获工学博士学位。教育部霍英东青年教师基金获得者,内蒙古自治区杰出青年基金获得者,内蒙古自治区“草原英才”。主要从事微尺度金属功能材料和电磁屏蔽及吸波复合功能材料的研究工作。近年来,在Advanced Enginee-ring Materials、Journal of Alloys and Compounds、Materials & Design、Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials等国际期刊上发表SCI论文60余篇。

引用本文:

张明伟, 曲冠达, 庞梦瑶, 刘瑞, 曹贯宇, 李泽, 陈子帅, 刘景顺. 电磁屏蔽机理及涂敷/结构型吸波复合材料研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2021, 35(Z1): 62-70.
ZHANG Mingwei, QU Guanda, PANG Mengyao, LIU Rui, CAO Guanyu, LI Ze, CHEN Zishuai, LIU Jingshun. Research Progress of Electromagnetic Shielding Mechanism and Coated/Structural Absorbing Composite Materials. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(Z1): 62-70.

链接本文:

http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/ 或 http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2021/V35/IZ1/62

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