碳纳米管增强UO2燃料力学性能研究

材料导报

2020, Vol. 34

Issue (Z1): 153-156

无机非金属及其复合材料

碳纳米管增强UO₂燃料力学性能研究

吴学志, 尹邦跃, 郑新海

中国原子能科学研究院反应堆工程技术研究部,北京 102413

Study on Mechanical Properties of CNTs Reinforced UO₂ Fuel

WU Xuezhi, YIN Bangyue, ZHENG Xinhai

Reactor Engineering Technology Research Division, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China

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摘要利用粉末冶金法制备碳纳米管(CNTs)增强二氧化铀(UO₂)复合燃料芯块,研究了复合燃料的弯曲强度、压缩强度和硬度等力学性能,分析了CNTs掺杂量和长径比(L/D)对复合燃料力学性能的影响规律,探讨了CNTs的增强机理。结果表明:随CNTs掺杂量的增加,UO₂-CNTs复合燃料的弯曲强度、压缩强度和硬度都有所提高,当掺杂CNTs体积含量为12%时,复合燃料的弯曲强度、压缩强度和硬度达到峰值,分别提高约45.65%、37.01%和19.61%,当掺杂CNTs体积含量超过12%后,复合燃料的力学性能增加呈下降趋势;掺杂不同L/D的CNTs对复合燃料力学性能影响不同,当掺杂CNTs的L/D为9×10³时,复合燃料的弯曲强度、压缩强度和硬度提高最大,分别提高约57.61%、54.32%和34.87%。SEM分析表明,掺杂适合体积含量和L/D的CNTs是影响复合燃料力学性能的关键因素,否则会导致CNTs在UO₂基体中团聚,不利于燃料力学性能的提高;CNTs对UO₂燃料力学性能的强化源于外部载荷从UO₂基体向CNTs的转移过渡,通过纤维桥联、纤维拔出吸收断裂功,改变裂纹行为等方式来实现。

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关键词: 二氧化铀碳纳米管复合燃料弯曲强度压缩强度硬度

Abstract: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced UO₂ fuel pellets were prepared by powder metallurgy, the flexural strength, compressive strength and hardness of composite fuels were studied, the effects of CNTs doping amount and length-diameter ratio (L/D) on the mechanical properties of composite fuels were analyzed, the strengthening mechanism of CNTs was discussed. The results show that with the increase of CNTs doping, the flexural strength, compressive strength and hardness of UO₂-CNTs composite fuel increased, when the volume content of CNTs was 12%, the flexural strength, compressive strength and hardness of the composite fuel reached their peak values, which increased by 45.65%, 37.01% and 19.61%, respectively, when the volume content of CNTs exceeded 12%, the mechanical properties of the composite fuel increased in a downward trend. The effects of CNTs doped with different length-diameter ratio (L/D) on the mechanical properties of composite fuels were diffe-rent, when the length-diameter ratio (L/D) was 9×10³, the flexural strength, compressive strength and hardness of the composite fuel increased by 57.61%, 54.32% and 34.87% respectively. SEM analysis showed that doping CNTs with suitable volume fraction and length-diameter ratio (L/D) are the key factor affecting the mechanical properties of composite fuel, otherwise CNTs will agglomerate in UO₂ matrix, which is not conducive to the improvement of mechanical properties of fuel. The enhancement of mechanical properties of UO₂ fuel by CNTs results from the transition of external load from UO₂ matrix to CNTs, which is realized by means of fiber bridging, fiber pulling-out, absorbing fracture energy and changing crack behavior.

Key words: UO₂ CNTs composite fuel flexural strength compression strength hardness

发布日期: 2020-07-01

ZTFLH:

TL352.21

作者简介: 吴学志,中国原子能科学研究院副研究员。2006年9月至2016年8月,在中国原子能科学研究院获得核能科学与工程硕士学位和核燃料循环与材料专业工学博士学位,毕业后留院从事科研工作。担任多项国家重点科研课题负责人,申请国家发明专利6项,其中授权4项。研究工作包括压水堆、空间核动力以及快堆用先进核燃料与材料的基础理论和应用研究。

引用本文:

吴学志, 尹邦跃, 郑新海. 碳纳米管增强UO₂燃料力学性能研究[J]. 材料导报, 2020, 34(Z1): 153-156.
WU Xuezhi, YIN Bangyue, ZHENG Xinhai. Study on Mechanical Properties of CNTs Reinforced UO₂ Fuel. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(Z1): 153-156.

链接本文:

http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/ 或 http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2020/V34/IZ1/153

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