Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on Superplastic Bulging of TC4 Alloy Necking Cup
YI Zongxin1, LI Xiaoqiang1,*, PAN Cunliang1, SHEN Zhengzhang2
1 National Engineering Research Center for Near-Net-Shape for Metallic Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China 2 Aerospace Research Institute of Materials & Processing Technology, Beijing 100076, China
Abstract: Through superplastic tensile test, the superplastic deformation characteristics at the deformation temperature of 800—950 ℃ and strain rate of 0.000 2~0.005 s-1 were studied and the corresponding Backofen constitutive equation was established. The optimum superplastic bulging temperature of TC4 alloy is 850 ℃, and the strain rate is 0.000 5 s-1. Under this parameter, the elongation of TC4 alloy is 788%, and the strain rate sensitivity coefficient m is 0.60. The superplastic rheological constitutive model of TC4 alloy Backofen established by true stress-strain curve was applied to the superplastic bulging numerical model established by ABAQUS numerical simulation software.The results show that stress, strain and thickness are symmetrically distributed during superplastic bulging. Due to the difference of die sticking sequence, the top area of the tube piece is stuck first, while the middle necking section and the transition area at the top are stuck last, and the maximum value of stress and strain and minimum value of thickness all appear in the transition area. The maximum pressure of pressure-keeping bulging is 1.90 MPa. The experimental results are basically consistent with the numerical simulation results, and the relative error is 6.98%. The microstructure after superplastic bulging is observed. The results show that the grain size of TC4 titanium alloy tube necking part grows obviously after superplastic bulging. The grain size is 17.9 μm at the top and 14.7 μm at the middle. Due to the different deformation directions in different parts, the orientation of grains changes. The grains at the port and top have orientation in the [0001] direction, while the grains in the middle have obvious orientation in the [21 10] direction. A large number of dislocations proliferate in the α grain at the port with small deformation. Under strain induction, needle martensite is produced in the α grain at the middle necking section with the largest deformation, and lath martensite is produced at the top with the largest deformation. Mechanical tests show that the tensile strength of the straight tube section at the top of the weak zone is improved, while the yield strength and elongation are slightly decreased, compared with the original tube blank.
易宗鑫, 李小强, 潘存良, 沈正章. TC4钛合金筒形收口件超塑胀形数值模拟及试验研究[J]. 材料导报, 2022, 36(18): 21040245-8.
YI Zongxin, LI Xiaoqiang, PAN Cunliang, SHEN Zhengzhang. Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on Superplastic Bulging of TC4 Alloy Necking Cup. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(18): 21040245-8.
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2022, Vol. 36 
