Research Progress of Wood Low Molecular Weight Resin Impregnation Modification and Its Drying
XU Kang1,2, ZHANG Xiaomeng1, LI Zhonghao1, ZHOU Chuanling1, LYU Jianxiong1,3, LI Xianjun1, WU Yiqiang1
1 College of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China 2 Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China 3 Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
Abstract: Resin modification is one of the enhancement treatments by filling wood cell lumina and cell wall with low molecular weight thermosetting resin, which could form a stiff network with themselves to increase wood density as well as strength properties, and by bulking the cell wall, blocking hydroxyl group or reducing water sorption sites to improve dimensional properties of wood. For this reason, modified wood, especially for fast-growing wood with low density and poor dimensional stability, with resin impregnation would promote its added value and widen its end-use. There are two steps involved in making resin modified wood, the resin impregnation treatment and the drying of impregnated wood. With the development of wood resin modification, drying, as a key technical of resin-modified wood preparation and industrial application, has been paid more and more attention by researchers. This paper reviewed both research progress on them, respectively. Specifically, the main internal and external factors on wood resin modification, and the new technology of resin modification were systematically introduced and described. After that, the influence of different drying technology on the drying characteristics of resin impregnated wood, the moisture transfer and resin curing characteristics during the drying process were introduced emphatically. Finally, the main problems and the research work of the future in this field was proposed.
1 Ormondroyd G, Spear M, Curling S. Construction Materials, 2015, 168(4), 187. 2 Hill C A S. Wood modification: chemical, thermal and other processes. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, England, 2006. 3 Xu K. Moisture transfer and resin curing characteristics of MUF impregnated poplar wood during drying process. Ph.D. Thesis, Chinese Academy of Forestry, China, 2017 (in Chinese). 徐康. MUF树脂浸渍杨木干燥过程中水分迁移和树脂固化特性研究. 博士学位论文,中国林业科学研究院, 2017. 4 Xu K, Yuan S, Gao Y, et al. Drying Technology, 2021, 39 (6), 791. 5 Gierlinger N, Hansmann C, Röder T, et al. Holzforschung, 2005, 59(2), 210. 6 Deka M, Gindl W, Wimmer R, et al. Indian Journal of Chemical Technology, 2007, 14(2), 134. 7 Lykidis C, Moya R, Tenorio C. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 2020, 78(3), 433. 8 Altgen M, Awais M, Altgen D, et al. Scientific Reports, 2020, 10, 3366. 9 Xu K, Lyu J X, Liu J L, et al. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2018, 54(4), 84 (in Chinese). 徐康, 吕建雄, 刘君良, 等. 林业科学, 2018, 54(4), 84. 10 Xie Y J, Fu Q L, Wang Q W, et al. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 2013, 71(4), 401. 11 Yue K, Wu J H, Xu L Q, et al. Construction and Building Materials, 2020, 241, 1. 12 Yue K, Chen Z J, Lu W D, et al. Construction and Building Materials, 2017, 154, 956. 13 Yue K, Cheng X C, Chen Z J, et al. Wood and Fiber Science, 2018, 50(4), 392. 14 Xie Y J, Fu Q L, Wang Q W, et al. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2012, 48(9), 154 (in Chinese). 谢延军, 符启良, 王清文, 等. 林业科学, 2012, 48(9), 154. 15 Wang Z, Wang X M. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(10), 123 (in Chinese). 王哲, 王喜明. 林业科学, 2014, 50(10), 123. 16 Yin J, Song K, Lu Y, et al. Wood Science and Technology, 2015, 49(5), 987. 17 Li Y F, Liu Y X, Wang F H, et al. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2011, 47(5), 131 (in Chinese). 李永峰, 刘一星, 王逢瑚, 等. 林业科学, 2011, 47(5), 131. 18 Lyu J X, Bao F C. China Wood Industry, 1992, 6(1), 29 (in Chinese). 吕建雄, 鲍甫成. 木材工业, 1992, 6(1), 29. 19 Torgovnikov G, Vinden P. Forest Products Journal, 2009, 59(4), 84. 20 Zhang W G. Study on the surface density for chinese fir of plantations. Master's Thesis, Zhejiang Foresry University, China, 2009 (in Chinese). 章卫钢. 人工林速生杉木表面密实化研究. 硕士学位论文, 浙江林学院, 2009. 21 Xu K, Lyu J X, Li X J, et al. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(11), 109 (in Chinese). 徐康, 吕建雄, 李贤军, 等. 林业科学, 2014, 50(11), 109. 22 Xu K, Wang Y, Lu J X, et al. BioResources, 2015, 10(1), 282. 23 Stamm A J, Seborg R M. Resin-treated, laminated, compressed wood (compreg). Forest Products Laboratory, US, 1960, pp.1381. 24 Seborg R M, Tarkow H, Stamm A J. Modified woods. Forest Products Laboratory, US, 1962, pp.2192. 25 Lukowsky D. Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff, 2002, 60(5), 349. 26 Furuno T, Imamura Y, Kajita H. Wood Science and Technology, 2004, 37(5), 349. 27 Huang Y, Fei B, Yu Y, et al. BioResources, 2012, 8(1), 272. 28 Huang Y H, Fei B H, Yu Y, et al. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2012, 48(12), 89 (in Chinese). 黄艳辉, 费本华, 余雁, 等. 林业科学, 2012, 48(12), 89. 29 Xie Y, Hill C A, Xiao Z, et al. Wood Science and Technology, 2011, 45(1), 49. 30 Mantanis G I, Young R A, Rowell R M. Wood Science and Technology, 1994, 28(2), 119. 31 Gindl W, Hansmann C, Gierlinger N, et al. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2004, 93(4), 1900. 32 Epmeier H, Westin M, Rapp A. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 2004, 19(Suppl.5), 31. 33 Zuo Y F, Wu Y Q, Zhang X L, et al. Materials Reports B:Research Papers, 2015, 29(6), 7 (in Chinese). 左迎峰, 吴义强, 张新荔, 等. 材料导报:研究篇, 2015, 29(6), 7. 34 Wu Y Z, Hiroaki M, Yutaka K. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2003, 39(6), 136 (in Chinese). 吴玉章, 松井宏昭, 片冈厚. 林业科学, 2003, 39(6), 136. 35 Klüppel A, Mai C. Wood Science and Technology, 2013, 47(3), 643. 36 Wang L L, Yue K, Lu W D, et al. Journal of Anhui Agricultural University, 2015, 42(4), 511(in Chinese). 王磊磊, 岳孔, 陆伟东, 等. 安徽农业大学学报, 2015, 42(4), 511. 37 Chai Y B, Liu J L, Sun B L, et al. China Wood Industry, 2015, 29(3), 5 (in Chinese). 柴宇博, 刘君良, 孙柏玲, 等. 木材工业, 2015, 29(3), 5. 38 Wang F, Liu J, Lv W. Fire and Materials, 2017, 41(8), 1051. 39 Xu M S, Lyu W H, Wang X Y. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2017, 53(1), 82 (in Chinese). 许茂松, 吕文华, 王雪玉. 林业科学, 2017, 53(1), 82. 40 Wang F. Properties and mechanism of chinese fir modified by phenol me-lamine urea formaldehyde resin and borates. Ph.D. Thesis, Chinese Academy of Forestry, China, 2018 (in Chinese). 王飞. PMUF树脂复配硼化物改性杉木及其机理研究, 博士学位论文, 中国林业科学研究院, 2018. 41 Militz H, Lande S. Wood Material Science and Engineering, 2009, 4(1-2), 23. 42 Terziev N. Holzforschung, 2002, 56(4), 428. 43 Kohlmayr M, Stultschnik J, Teischinger A, et al. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2014, 131(3), 1082. 44 Zhou Y D. Study on drying characteristics and mechanism of poplar lumber strengthened with low molecular weight phenol-formaldehyde resin. Ph.D. Thesis, Chinese Academy of Forestry, China, 2009 (in Chinese). 周永东. 低分子量酚醛树脂强化毛白杨木材干燥特性及其机理研究, 博士学位论文,中国林业科学研究院, 2009. 45 He G, Yan N. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2005, 95(2), 185. 46 Peng C, Zhang Z W, Xia C Y, et al. Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2015, 44(3), 329 (in Chinese). 彭冲, 张振伟, 夏朝彦, 等. 福建农林大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 44(3), 329. 47 Zhang Z W, Tu D Y, Guang L T, et al. China Wood Industry, 2014, 28(1), 42 (in Chinese). 张振伟, 涂登云, 关丽涛, 等. 木材工业, 2014, 28(1), 42. 48 Wang S. Study on the drying charaeteristic of resin-impregnated Chinese fir. Master's Thesis, Beijing Foresry University, China, 2009 (in Chinese). 王舒. 浸渍处理人工林杉木干燥特性的研究. 硕士学位论文, 北京林业大学, 2009. 49 Yun L, Li X, Peng Q, et al. European Journal of Wood & Wood Products, 2018, 76(2), 583. 50 Li Y. Research on superheated steam drying and heat treatment of UF-impregnated Chinese fir. Master's Thesis, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, China, 2017 (in Chinese). 李芸. 杉木UF浸渍材过热蒸汽干燥-高温热处理特性研究. 硕士学位论文, 中南林业科技大学, 2017. 51 Wu G F, Lang Q, Qu P, et al. BioResources, 2010, 5(4), 2581. 52 Galperin A S. Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy, 1990, 25(2), 88. 53 Shams M I, Yano H. Journal of Wood Science, 2004, 50(4), 343. 54 He G, Riedl B, Aït-Kadi A. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2003, 89(5), 1371. 55 He P S, Jin B K, Li C E. Curing of thermosetting resins and resin matrix composites: dynamic torsional vibration method and its application, Press of USTC, China, 2011, pp.32 (in Chinese). 何平笙, 金邦坤, 李春娥. 热固性树脂及树脂基复合材料的固化:动态扭振法及其应用, 中国科学技术大学出版社, 2011,pp.32.