钛酸锂用于钠离子电池负极的研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.19010208

材料导报

2020, Vol. 34

Issue (9): 9041-9047 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.19010208

无机非金属及其复合材料

钛酸锂用于钠离子电池负极的研究进展

梁康^1,2, 任玉荣¹, 唐有根², 孙旦², 贾树勇³, 王海燕², 黄小兵⁴

1 常州大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏省光伏科学与工程协同创新中心,常州 213164
2 中南大学化学化工学院,化学电源湖南省重点实验室,长沙 410083
3 光宝光电(常州)有限公司,常州 213100
4 湖南文理学院化学与材料工程学院,洞庭湖生态经济区建设与发展协同创新中心,水处理功能材料湖南省重点实验室,电镀废水回用技术湖南省工程研究中心,常德 415000

Research Progress on Lithium Titanate as Anode Material for Sodium-ion Batteries

LIANG Kang^1,2, REN Yurong¹, TANG Yougen², SUN Dan², JIA Shuyong³, WANG Haiyan², HUANG Xiaobing⁴

1 Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
2 Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
3 Lite-On OPTO (CZ) Co., Ltd, Changzhou 213100, China
4 Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for the Construction & Development of Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Electroplating Wastewater Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, China

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摘要相比于锂离子电池,钠离子电池具有资源丰富、分布广泛和成本低廉等优点,在大规模储能领域有广阔的应用前景,近几年获得了学术界广泛的关注。在钠离子电池体系中,负极材料对整个电池的能量密度和循环性能有着重要的影响。而在众多的负极材料中,尖晶石型钛酸锂凭借其优异的循环性能以及相对较高的钠离子脱嵌电位,被认为是一种极具应用潜力的钠离子电池负极材料。然而,由于钛酸锂中钛的最外层轨道缺少电子,导致钛酸锂的导电性不佳。同时,由于钠离子半径较大,在脱嵌过程中离子扩散阻力大,易引起钛酸锂晶格畸变,严重制约着钛酸锂的倍率性能和循环性能。
针对上述问题,近年来研究者们基于深入的储钠机制研究,通过结构设计和界面优化,显著提升了钛酸锂在钠离子电池中的电化学性能。目前,文献报道的改善钛酸锂储钠性能的策略主要有:引入电导率较高的包覆层和离子掺杂来提高材料电子导电率,缓解嵌钠过程中的晶格畸变;通过结构调控设计纳米尺寸的钛酸锂材料以缩短离子扩散距离和增大其与电解液的接触面积。本文综述了近年来钛酸锂负极材料在钠离子电池中的研究现状,着重对钛酸锂的结构与性能、合成方法和改性研究等方面进行了深入的阐述,并对下一阶段钛酸锂作为钠离子电池负极的研究与应用进行了展望。

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	梁康
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	王海燕
	黄小兵

关键词: 钠离子电池负极材料钛酸锂合成方法导电性

Abstract: Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have good application prospects in the field of large-scale energy storage owing to the advantages of sodium abundant resources and low cost. In SIBs, anode materials show an important influence on the energy density and cycle performance of the batteries. Among these anode materials, spinel Li₄Ti₅O₁₂(LTO) is considered as a promising candidate due to its excellent cycle performance and relatively high discharge potential. However, it exhibits poor electronic conductivity since the orbit of titanium in Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ lacks electrons. Also, the ion diffusion resistance is large during the deintercalation process and thus the lattice distortion tends to happen due to the large radius of sodium ions. In recent years, the sodium storage mechanism of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ has been deeply studied. From the structural point of view, more breakthroughs have been made to significantly improve the electrochemical performance of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ in sodium-ion batteries.
How to realize the Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ with a high rate performance to construct an advanced sodium-ion battery for large-scale energy storage is still a challenge. At present, the strategies to improve the sodium storage performance of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ include: (i) surface coating and ion doping to increase the ion diffusion rate and electron conductivity, and to alleviate the lattice distortion during sodium encapsulation; (ii) designing nano-sized Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ materials to improve the properties of materials by shortening the ion diffusion distance and increasing the contact area with electrolyte. In this paper, the recent research progress of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ as anode material for sodium-ion batteries is reviewed, focusing on the structure and electrochemical properties of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂, synthesis methods, modification research and so on. The future research and application of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ in the anode material of sodium-ion battery are prospected.

Key words: sodium-ion battery anode material lithium titanate synthetic methods conductivity

发布日期: 2020-04-27

ZTFLH:	TQ131.11
	TM912

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(U1607127; 91961126; 21576030)

通讯作者: ryrchem@cczu.edu.cn

作者简介: 梁康,2017年6月毕业于湖南文理学院,获得工学学士学位。现为常州大学材料科学与工程学院硕士研究生,导师为任玉荣教授。从2018年6月至今,在中南大学化学化工学院联合培养,合作指导老师为王海燕教授。目前主要研究课题为钛基储钠负极材料的研究。
任玉荣,常州大学材料科学与工程学院教授、博士研究生导师。1998年7月本科毕业于吉林师范大学,2010年7月在中国科学院成都有机化学研究所获得博士学位。2015年-2016年在加州大学洛杉矶分校做访问学者。主要研究方向包括新型炭材料和新型纳米能源材料与器件研究。发表学术论文30余篇,公开或授权专利15项。

引用本文:

梁康, 任玉荣, 唐有根, 孙旦, 贾树勇, 王海燕, 黄小兵. 钛酸锂用于钠离子电池负极的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2020, 34(9): 9041-9047.
LIANG Kang, REN Yurong, TANG Yougen, SUN Dan, JIA Shuyong, WANG Haiyan, HUANG Xiaobing. Research Progress on Lithium Titanate as Anode Material for Sodium-ion Batteries. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(9): 9041-9047.

链接本文:

http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.19010208 或 http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2020/V34/I9/9041

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