Research Progress on Solution Treatment Regimes of Ni Based SingleCrystal Superalloy
SUN Yanghui1, AI Cheng1, ZHANG Xiaofeng1, LIU Lin2
1 School Material Science and Engineering, Chang'an University Xi'an 710064 2 State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072
Abstract: Single crystal turbine blades are the key hot end components of aeroengine, which need serve at high temperature for relatively long time. Therefore, single crystal turbine blades should have excellent high temperature mechanical properties, good oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance at high temperature environment. As the preferred material of single crystal turbine blades, Ni based single crystal superalloy has been widely concerned by many researchers in the past few decades. In order to further improve the high temperature mechanical properties of advanced Ni based single crystal superalloys, the content of high refractory elements (such as Re and W) in advanced Ni based single crystal superalloys continuously increased. Meanwhile, typical as-cast single crystal superalloys contain inhomogeneities of composition (severe microsegregation) and microstructure (massive interdendritic precipitations). It should be noteworthy that if the inhomogeneities of composition and microstructure cannot be eliminated by high temperature solution treatment, the mechanical properties and long-term service properties of single crystal superalloys will be significantly deteriorated. Therefore, appropriate solution treatment regimes should be designed for advanced Ni based single crystal superalloys. The development of solid solution treatment process can be divided into two stages. The first stage: with regard to 1st generation single crystal superalloys without Re element, the homogenization of microstructure and composition in this kind of alloy can be achieved by solution treated between the γ′-solvus temperature and the initial melting temperature of alloy for a relatively short time. The second stage started from the 2nd generation single crystal superalloy, the content of refractory elements (especially Re element) in single crystal superalloy continuously increased the difficulty of homogenization of composition significantly increased, i.e. both the temperature and time of solution treatment obviously increased. Therefore, the research hotspot of solution treatment regimes of advanced Ni based single crystal superalloy changed from phase transformation temperature and incipient melting temperature of the alloy to the homogenization degree of alloying elements in single crystal superalloy. As cast Ni based single crystal superalloys contained numerous interdendritic precipitations and severe microsegregation of alloying elements. Therefore, in order to obtain uniform microstructure and composition, high temperature solution treatment is necessary. Previous studies indicated that the aim of solution treatment at low-temperature stage is to eliminate interdendritic precipitation, and the aim of solution treatment at high-temperature stage is to eliminate/reduce microsegregation degree of alloying elements. With the development of single crystal superalloy, the content of refractory elements in advanced single crystal superalloy (e.g. Re and W) obviously increased. On the one hand, refractory elements had relatively low interdiffusion coefficients in Ni, on the other hand, refractory elements had severe microsegregation in as-cast alloy. Therefore, it is difficult to eliminate microsegregation of refractory elements and design suitable solution treatment regimes. Meanwhile, phase transformation tempe-ratures of single crystal superalloys were also affected by solution treatment regimes. In this paper, the research progress of solution treatment regimes of Ni based single crystal superalloy is summarized. Solution treatment regimes of 2nd and 3rd generation Ni based single crystal superalloys are detailed analyzed, and the effects of solution treatment on microstructure and microsegregation are also illustrated. Moreover, the conventional stepwise solution treatment method and newly developed continuous heating solution treatment method are compared. Meanwhile, the remelting solution treatment is also introduced in this paper.
作者简介: 孙阳辉,2013年毕业于陕西理工大学,获得工学学士学位。现为长安大学材料科学与工程学院硕士研究生,在张晓峰副教授的指导下进行研究。目前的主要研究领域为先进单晶高温合金。 艾诚,长安大学材料学院讲师。于2010年在西北工业大学取得工学学士学位,于2016年在北京航空航天大学取得工学博士学位,长期从事单晶高温合金领域的研究工作,以第一作者在Journal of Alloys and Compounds、Journal of Crystal Growth、Progress in Natural Science: Materials International等SCI学术期刊发表研究论文10余篇。目前主持国家自然科学基金、陕西省自然科学基金与中国博士后基金等项目。
引用本文:
孙阳辉, 艾诚, 张晓峰, 刘林. 镍基单晶高温合金固溶处理制度的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2019, 33(21): 3630-3636.
SUN Yanghui, AI Cheng, ZHANG Xiaofeng, LIU Lin. Research Progress on Solution Treatment Regimes of Ni Based SingleCrystal Superalloy. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(21): 3630-3636.
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2019, Vol. 33 
