Abstract: Shear thickening fluid (STF) is one of the categories of smart materials, whose viscosity increases considerably in the presence of shear strain or shear rate, which can increase several times to dozens of times. The fluids is prepared by dispersing hard metal oxide particles into a carrier fluid like ethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol, and adding stabilizer additives. The main feature of the fluids is the ability to change from liquid to semi-solid state just in a few milliseconds after applying an impact. It has such advantages of rapid response, large output, and reversible repetition that it has been widely used in the engineering field. However, the basic theory of shear thickening liquid cannot provide clear guidance for the current preparation and application. The jamming theory, widely recognized by scholars, is only a general term for describing the phenomenon, and it does not really reveal the essence of shear thicke-ning. At the same time, the related applications of shear thickening liquid are mainly concentrated in the field of shear thickening fluids composite fibers, and face the bottleneck of unsatisfactory effect under high-speed impact of 450—510 m/s above. Therefore, in addition to exploring the mechanism of shear thickening fluids in the past five years, researchers have mainly tried from the aspects of testing and developing applications under experimental conditions under high-speed impact, and have achieved fruitful results. At present, the latest model to explain the phenomenon of shear thickening is contact rheology, which is based on contact dynamics simulation, rheology, and friction measurement, and provides support for continuous shear thickening behavior (continuous shear thickening) and disconti-nuous shear thickening discontinuous shear thickening. In terms of the application of shear thickening systems, the researchers used air guns, Hopkinson pressure bars and other means to perform experiments under high-speed impact, analyzed the failure modes of shear thickening composites, and found that the composites under high-speed conditions change from tensile failure mode to shear failure mode. The shear thickening liquid is applied to sports protection and biomedical fields, and the shear thickening fluids is combined with smart materials such as magnetorheological fluid, to realize the assessment of injury. This review summarizes the research progress of shear thickening fluids, focuses on analyzing the theoretical mechanism of shear thickening fluids, and summarizes the application in the field of personal protection, vibration control, and other fields. The problems of the shear thickening system in the context of engineering applications are analyzed and its prospects are prospected, with a view to providing a reference for the development of more stable and more effective shear-thickening fluid-related devices.
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2022, Vol. 36 
