Research Progress and Application of Magnetorheological Grease Materials
YANG Guangxin1, PAN Jiabao1,2, ZHOU Lujun1 , GAO Hong1 , WANG Xiaolei2
1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China 2 National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
Abstract: Intelligent materials are the fourth generation of materials after natural materials, synthetic polymer materials and artificial design materials. New types of functional materials whose performance can be controlled under the action of magnetic field, electric field, stress, and other environmental variables have been developed. As one kind of the important field-responsive intelligent materials, magnetorheological(MR) mate-rials are composed primarily of magnetic particles and non-magnetic base carrier fluids. The physical and rheological properties of MR materials are affected by magnetic field and have excellent controllability. Thus, MR materials have great application prospects in the fields of science and engineering. Some of the MR materials that have been recently developed are MR fluids, MR greases and MR elastomers. Research on and application of MR fluids are more extensive than those of MR greases and MR elastomers. MR fluids can change from a fluid-like to a solid-like state in a few milliseconds by controlling the magnetic field. Moreover, their rheological properties show stepwise and adjustable changes in several orders of magnitude. Under zero magnetic field strength, the behavior of MR fluids is similar to that of non-Newtonian fluid. Furthermore, the specific cha-racteristics of MR fluids depend on their composition, which usually exhibits the behavior of Bingham plastic fluid with yield stress. MR fluids can provide semi-active control in the fields of dampers, shock absorbers and clutches. However, the problem of settlement restricts the development of MR fluids. MR greases are based on lubricating grease, and the special structure of lubricating grease can effectively improve the sedimentation stability of MR materials. So MR greases show significant advantages in the applications of MR devices. This paper reviews the progress that has been achieved thus far in the research on MR greases and their applications from four aspects: preparation, rheological properties, devices, and potential applications. The material characteristics and practical applications of MR greases are discussed and compared with those of MR fluids. The possible development trend of MR greases as a lubricating material is discussed.
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