Rheological Characteristics of Low Concentrated MWCNT/Water Nanofluids
YU Li1, BIAN Yongning1, LIU Yang2, XU Xinsheng1
1 State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China 2 School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
Abstract: The investigation of the rheological properties of nanofluids helps to understand the energy transport mechanism of nanofluids. The rheological properties such as viscosity, thixotropy, and viscosity hysteresis phenomenon of MWCNT/tap and MWCNT/distilled (DI) water nanofluids are experimentally studied at five different low volume fractions (0.004 7%, 0.023 8%, 0.047%, 0.071 4%, 0.095%) by using an advanced rheometer. The results show that the viscosity of nanofluids is higher than that of the base liquid, which increases with the solid volume fraction increasing and temperature decreasing; however, the relative viscosity is independent of temperature. Furthermore, it is found that the concentration of 0.047% is regarded as a critical point suggesting the transition from Newtonian fluid to shear thinning non-Newtonian fluid and the flow characteristics could be described very well by the power-law model. The rheological properties of MWCNT/water are not affected by the properties of the base liquid and there is no thixotropic behavior when the temperature is lower than 335 K. Besides, temperature sweep tests demonstrate that the viscosity hysteresis phenomenon caused by high temperature is observed in the case of MWCNT/tap nanofluid. Finally, based on the experimental data, a new and accurate correlation is proposed to predict the relative viscosity of MWCNT/water which can provide a reference for the work associated with the fluid flow simulation of nanofluids.
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2020, Vol. 34 
