Abstract: Humidity detection plays a very important role in the fields of atmospheric monitoring, industrial production and biomedical materials and devices. With the continuous development of science and technology, the increasing demands for high performances humidity sensor bring out unprecedented opportunity and challenge for humidity sensor manufacturing, in which the deve-lopment of high performance humidity-sensitive materials is of crucial significance. Humidity sensors based on various materials have been developed, including ceramic, semiconducting, and polymer materials. Among the rich variety of humidity sensors, metal oxide and metal oxide/polymer based sensors have received recent attention due to their diversified sensitive element choices, ease of posterior processing and higher response characteristics. Compared with polymer-based humidity sensors, the sensitive ceramics have facile synthesis process and short response time, while nevertheless higher production cost. In recent years, novel nanostructured materials have achieved wide application for humidity sensor, and gradually become the development trends and the hot spots of the humidity-sensitive materials. While serving as sensitive layer, the zero dimensional and one dimensional nanosized graphitic materials, e.g. fullerene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can impart lots of advantages such as large surface area, ease of miniaturization, room temperature workability, favorable stability to humidity sensors. But their zero dimensional or one dimensional structure is technologically unadaptable to the prevailing standard fabrication process for electronic devices. Graphene, a monolayer of sp2 hybridized carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice with unique two dimensional (2D) structure, surmounts the technological obstacle for fullerene or CNTs, and the use of graphene as humidity-sensitive layer has drawn remarkable attention owing to its promising advantageous properties: Ⅰ. The theoretical dynamic detection range for graphene sensors may cover from a single molecule to a very high concentration level due to its extremely high surface to volume ratio with almost all the atoms exposed to the environment. Ⅱ. The electronic and mechanical properties of graphene greatly facilitate transduction of the sensing signal. Ⅲ. The sensing selectivity can be dramatically improved by adopting functionalized graphene which is incorporated with metals, polymers or other modifiers and can interact with specific molecules. Ⅳ. Graphene monocrystals can be used to fabricate four-probe devices, which can avoid the influence of contact resistance and improve sensitivity. Ⅴ. Graphene and graphene oxide are cheaper than other graphitic materials like CNTs. In this timely review, we render a vivid description of the recent advancement in humidity sensitivity features and sensor application of graphene and its derivatives, with emphases on the performance evolvement of intrinsic graphene, graphene oxides and modified graphene. Finally we make a concise discussion on the future challenges and perspectives of graphene-based humidity sensors.
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2018, Vol. 32 
