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材料导报  2023, Vol. 37 Issue (11): 22010106-7    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.22010106
  高分子与聚合物基复合材料 |
连续玄武岩纤维新材料的制备、性能及应用
张建伟1, 佘希林1, 刘嘉麒1,2, 张蕾2
1 青岛大学环境科学与工程学院,玄武岩纤维生态应用研究院,山东 青岛 266071
2 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京 100029
Preparation, Properties and Application of Novel Continuous Basalt Fibers
ZHANG Jianwei1, SHE Xilin1, LIU Jiaqi1,2, ZHANG Lei2
1 Institute of Basalt Fiber in Eco-Application, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
2 Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
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摘要 以玄武岩矿石为原料拉丝制成的连续玄武岩纤维,是一种高性能天然绿色无机矿物纤维,应用领域广泛,在工业发展和国防建设中具有重要意义。在回顾连续玄武岩纤维制备技术发展的基础上,介绍了坩埚法和池窑法,专门阐述了当前常用的池窑法生产工艺,以及矿石原料、关键设备、浸润剂这三个主要的影响因素。简介了玄武岩纤维中各元素成分对纤维本身性能的不同作用,并将玄武岩纤维与其他高性能纤维材料进行性能及参数对比,认为连续玄武岩纤维及其表面改性后具有优异的综合性能。结合连续玄武岩纤维应用形态对其用途进行了概述,包括玄武岩纤维丝的土工力学增强应用、丝加工成多种织物的耐温隔热应用、岩棉和鳞片的应用、基础型材(复合筋、复合板材、复合管道等)应用,以及复合材料在诸多工业领域或特殊领域的应用。从发展前景、重点应用领域、生产影响因素、制备技术及产业拓展等方面进行了分析与展望,以期对我国玄武岩纤维技术水平和行业发展起到促进作用。
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张建伟
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关键词:  连续玄武岩纤维  性能特征  复合材料    
Abstract: Continuous basalt fibers made by drawing raw basalt ore have been recognized as a kind of high-performance and environmental friendly inorganic mineral fiber, which has a wide range of applications and is of great significance in both industrial development and national defense construction. By reviewing the development of preparation technology for continuous basalt fibers, this paper introduces the crucible and tank kiln method, especially the current common tank kiln production process, as well as the three main influencing factors of tank kiln process including ore raw materials, key equipment and wetting agent. Moreover, this paper briefly introduced the different effects of various elements in basalt fiber on the its properties, and compares the properties and parameters of basalt fiber with other high-performance fibers. It is considered that continuous basalt fiber has excellent comprehensive properties. Combined with the application forms of continuous basalt fiber, its applications are summarized, including the application of geotechnical reinforcement of basalt fiber wire, the application of temperature resistance and heat insulation of wire processed into a variety of fabrics, the application of rock wool and scale, the application of basic profile (composite reinforcement, composite plate, composite pipeline, etc.), and the application of composite materials in many industrial fields or special fields. On the basis of the above, this paper analyzed and prospected the development prospect, crucial fields of application, impact factors of production, preparation technology and industrial expansion of continuous basalt fibers, so that to motivate their engineering level and industrial development in China.
Key words:  continuous basalt fiber    performance characteristics    compound material
出版日期:  2023-06-10      发布日期:  2023-06-19
ZTFLH:  TB321  
基金资助: 青岛大学学科建设人才项目(DC2100004477)
通讯作者:  佘希林,通信作者,2002年7月和2005年7月分别于青岛大学和北京化工大学获硕士学位和博士学位;现任教于青岛大学,教授。主要研究方向为环境功能材料,发表学术论文80余篇。张蕾,通信作者,任职于中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所;主要研究方向为材料科学、纤维性能及制品研发。   
作者简介:  张建伟,2007年7月、2010年7月分别于青岛大学和吉林大学获硕士学位和博士学位;现任教于青岛大学,教授;目前主要研究领域为地球化学、天然矿物材料;发表学术论文30余篇,出版专著3部,获授权专利5项。
刘嘉麒,中国科学院院士,1986年在中国科学院地质研究所获博士学位,现任职于中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,研究员;主要研究方向为岩石地球化学、玄武岩纤维材料;发表学术论文400余篇,出版专著2部,主编文集8部。
引用本文:    
张建伟, 佘希林, 刘嘉麒, 张蕾. 连续玄武岩纤维新材料的制备、性能及应用[J]. 材料导报, 2023, 37(11): 22010106-7.
ZHANG Jianwei, SHE Xilin, LIU Jiaqi, ZHANG Lei. Preparation, Properties and Application of Novel Continuous Basalt Fibers. Materials Reports, 2023, 37(11): 22010106-7.
链接本文:  
http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.22010106  或          http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2023/V37/I11/22010106
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