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材料导报  2022, Vol. 36 Issue (6): 20070243-12    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.20070243
  高分子与聚合物基复合材料 |
电刺激响应形状记忆聚合物复合材料的设计和驱动性能
李兴建, 侯晴, 杨继龙, 范宇飞, 崔秋月, 徐守芳
临沂大学材料科学与工程学院,山东 临沂 276000
Design and Driving Properties of Electrically Stimulated Shape Memory Polymer Composites
LI Xingjian, HOU Qing, YANG Jilong, FAN Yufei, CUI Qiuyue, XU Shoufang
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000,Shandong, China
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摘要 与常见的液晶弹性体、介电弹性体和水凝胶等具有单一的膨胀、收缩和弯曲变化的形状可编程软材料相比,形状记忆高分子能够被灵活编程得到多样化的几何形状,且形状变化过程具有高度复杂性,成为智能可编程软材料研究领域的热点。形状记忆高分子是指能够感知外界环境变化的刺激(如温度、光、电、磁、pH、离子和水等)并响应这种变化,对其自身状态参数(如形状、位置、应变和应力等)进行调整,从而回复到预先设定状态的一类高分子材料。形状记忆高分子因具有可回复形变量大、响应温度便于调节、刺激响应方式丰富、材料属性多样化(热固性、热塑性、热适性和水凝胶)、形状记忆效应种类多(双形、多形、双向可逆、温度记忆和应力记忆)、赋形容易和可降解等特点,在生物医学、智能纺织品、航空航天、柔性电子等领域都展示出极为广阔的应用前景。
其中热驱动形状记忆聚合物是目前研究最深入、应用最广泛的一类形状记忆高分子。但是热驱动方法需要对材料直接进行加热以实现形状记忆效应,限制了其在生物医学、航空航天和柔性电子等不能采用直接加热而实现驱动的体内环境或外空间环境领域的应用。为此,具有远程控制驱动的光、电和磁响应特性的形状记忆聚合物得到广泛发展,大大拓宽了形状记忆聚合物在屏蔽环境和非接触环境中的应用范围。然而,对于光响应性形状记忆聚合物,由于光线的穿透能力有限且不能辐照屏蔽的区域,其应用范围有限;对于磁响应形状记忆聚合物,目前具有磁场响应的材料种类非常少,而且需要专门产生磁场的装置,其应用和研究受到一定的限制。
目前由于导电材料、随处可用的电源、人工肌肉、柔性电子、软体机器人和传感器等新兴领域中电刺激响应材料的广泛应用,使得电刺激响应形状记忆聚合物深受研究者关注。本文详细综述了电刺激响应形状记忆聚合物复合材料的设计制备方法、类型、导电性能、电驱动形状记忆性能和应用,最后概述了电刺激响应形状记忆聚合物材料存在的问题并展望了其未来发展方向。
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李兴建
侯晴
杨继龙
范宇飞
崔秋月
徐守芳
关键词:  形状记忆聚合物  复合材料  电刺激响应  导电填料    
Abstract: Compared to deformable polymer materials with single expansion, contraction, and bending changes such as hydrogels, liquid crystal elastomers, and dielectric elastomers, shape memory polymers(SMPs) can be programed into a variety of complicated shapes, and its shape change is highly complex due to the capability to remember multiple shapes, which has become a hot spot in the field of intelligent materials. SMPs refer to a class of intelligent materials that sense changes in the external environment (such as temperature, light, electricity, magnetism, pH, ions, water, etc.), respond to such changes, adjust to its own state parameters (such as shape, position, strain, stress etc.) and return to a preset state. Due to large recoverable strain, diversified shape memory effects (one-way, two-way, triple, multiple, temperature-memory and stress-memory), various stimulus modes, multiple material attributes (such as thermoplastic SMPs, thermo-setting SMPs, thermadapt SMPs and shape memory hydrogels), easy shaping, easy adjustment of response temperature, and biodegradablity, SMPs have shown extremely broad application prospects in biomedicine, smart textiles, aerospace, soft robots and flexible electronics.
In a variety of SMPs, thermally stimulated SMPs are the most intensively studied and most widely used. However, the thermal driving method requires direct heating of the material to achieve the shape memory effect, which cannot be used to drive shape recovery in the internal or external space environment, limitting its applications in the biomedical, aerospace, and flexible electronics fields. For this reason, SMPs with optical, electrical, and magnetic response, which can be remotely controlled, have been widely developed, greatly expanding the application of SMPs in shielded environments and non-contact environments. However, due to the limited penetration of light and the inability to irradiate shielded areas, the application of light-responsive SMPs is limited; for magnetically responsive SMPs, with currently very few types of materials that have a magnetic field response and a required device that specifically generates a magnetic field, its application and research are subject to certain restrictions.
Electrically stimulated SMPs has attracted intense interest of researchers owing to wide application in the emerging fields of conductive mate-rials, power sources available everywhere, artificial muscles, flexible electronics, soft robots, and sensors.In this paper, the design and preparation methods, types, conductive properties, electrical-actuated shape memory properties and applications of electrically stimulated SMP compo-sites are reviewed in detail. Finally, the problems existing in electrically stimulated materials and their future development directions are summarized.
Key words:  shape memory polymer    composites    electrically stimulated response    conductive filler
出版日期:  2022-03-25      发布日期:  2022-03-21
ZTFLH:  O631.2  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(21777065);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020QE092;ZR2020KE002);山东省高校青年创新项目(2019KJA021);2020年大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202010452027)
通讯作者:  lixingjian1314@163.com   
作者简介:  李兴建,临沂大学,讲师。2016年博士毕业于中国科学院成都有机化学研究所,同年进入浙江大学从事博士后研究工作。于2018年任教于临沂大学材料科学与工程学院。以第一作者和通讯作者在国内外学术期刊发表论文40余篇。主要从事形状记忆高分子材料的研究。
引用本文:    
李兴建, 侯晴, 杨继龙, 范宇飞, 崔秋月, 徐守芳. 电刺激响应形状记忆聚合物复合材料的设计和驱动性能[J]. 材料导报, 2022, 36(6): 20070243-12.
LI Xingjian, HOU Qing, YANG Jilong, FAN Yufei, CUI Qiuyue, XU Shoufang. Design and Driving Properties of Electrically Stimulated Shape Memory Polymer Composites. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(6): 20070243-12.
链接本文:  
http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.20070243  或          http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2022/V36/I6/20070243
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