Abstract: Selective laser melting is an additive manufacturing method which uses focused high-energy laser beam to melt powder and fabricates parts layer by layer. Selective laser melting can directly fabricate complex structural parts and realize near net shape. Selective laser melting has attracted more and more attentions due to its special advantages in control of shape and property of particle reinforced metal matrix composites by powder pre-mixing or in-situ reaction. In this paper, research progress on preparation of particle reinforced metal matrix composites by selective laser melting is reviewed. Based on summarization of main results and problems in this field, research directions and development trends of particle reinforced metal matrix composites fabricated by selective laser melting are prospected. It is confirmed that the molten pool formed by focused laser with high temperature and short solidification time is far away from the equilibrium state, resulting in complex solidification process and violent metallurgical reaction between the reinforced particles and the matrix. The reinforced particles are easy to melt, decompose or dissolve into matrix during selective laser melting process, leading to characteristics changes of matrixes. Eventually, the microstructure and properties of the composites after forming are significantly influenced. Apart from composition, morphology, size and volume fraction of the particle reinforcements, the properties of composites are also affected by laser power, scanning speed, scanning spacing, powder layer thickness, forming atmosphere and other process parameters. Since interaction between powder properties and process parameters is complex,so it is extremely important to investigate the interaction between process parameters and powder characteristics and systematically study the influence of particle reinforcement characteristics and forming process parameters on the macro morphology, density, defects, microstructure and properties of the composites. Those studies are the basis for microstructure design and property control of composites.
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