Preparation, Modification and Oxidation Resistance of Silicide Coatings on Moand Mo Alloys Substrates: a Review
HE Haoran1,2, XU Junqiang1, MIAO Xin3, LIU Qi2, BO Xinwei2
1 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054; 2 Chongqing Materials Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400707; 3 The 49th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Harbin 100048
Abstract: Molybdenum has been widely used in electronic devices, heater elements, glass fiber processing, thermometry protective tubes and aerospace crafts, by virtue of its excellent high-temperature mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and a cheaper price compared to tungsten, niobium and tantalum. However, poor antioxidant ability has limited the further application of molybdenum under high temperature circumstances. This exaggerates the importance of research and improvement for antioxidant ability of molybdenum and its alloys. The silicide coating, with high-temperature self-healing ability, has been regarded as a promising protection for Mo and Mo alloys substrates against oxidation. Thus extensive research has been done to improve silicide coatings, which includes: (i) single element modification by nitriding, boronizing, aluminizing, etc., (ii) multi-element modification and the formation of composition-graded coating, and (iii) introducing reinforcement phases. Nitriding can change the microstructure of silicide coating, and consequently reduce the difference in thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) between coating and substrate. Boronizing can improve the coating’s self-healing ability and result in the formation of T2 (Mo5SiB2) alloy layer which suppresses the internal diffusion of Si. Aluminizing makes the coating to generate Al2O3-SiO2 thin film under low-temperature oxidative condition, and thus is conducive to the prevention of “pesting” failure of MoSi2 coating. In respect of multi-element modification, carburizing can lead to the reaction between coating elements and substrate to form graded coating. The enrichment of Cr on coating surface by chromizing reduces the internal diffusion of Si and the volatilization of MoO3. The high-temperature ductility and anti-oxidation properties of the silicide coating can be improved by titanizing. The former is the consequence of C11b/C40 dual-phase structure caused by the alloying effect of titanium, while the latter comes from the formation of dense Si-Ti-O compound glass. In addition, Zr-containing reinforcements (e.g. ZrB2 and ZrSi2) can also be used to modify silicide coatings. And high-melting-point phase ZrO2 generated at high temperatures in modified coatings play a “skeleton” role in the oxide scale improving anti-oxidation properties of coating. On the other hand, by adding whiskers as reinforcing particles, coating is promoted in strength and toughness and crack propagation is restrained, owing to pull out, bridging and crack deflection effects of the whiskers. It can be concluded, based on the domestic and foreign studies upon element modification of silicide coating, that the key factors influencing oxidation resis-tance of silicide coating are “pesting” oxidation, inter-diffusion between coating and substrate, and difference of CTE between coating and substrate. This review provides a comprehensive description over the global research works on silicide coating modification, by adding single element in isolation or using multiple elements in combination or introducing reinforcement. It also gives an analysis for the key factors related to oxidation resistance of silicide coating, and an outlook on the future research.
何浩然, 许俊强, 苗欣, 刘奇, 薄新维. 钼及钼合金表面硅化物涂层的制备、改性及抗氧化性能研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2019, 33(19): 3227-3235.
HE Haoran, XU Junqiang, MIAO Xin, LIU Qi, BO Xinwei. Preparation, Modification and Oxidation Resistance of Silicide Coatings on Moand Mo Alloys Substrates: a Review. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(19): 3227-3235.
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2019, Vol. 33 
