Research Progress on Anisotropy of Mechanical Properties for Nickel Based Single Crystal Superalloys
DOU Xuezheng1,2, JIANG Liwu1,3,*, SONG Jinxia2, ZHAO Yunsong2,*
1 National Center for Materials Service Safety, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083,China 2 Key Laboratory of Advanced High Temperature Structural Materials, AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095,China 3 NCS Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081, China
Abstract: Nickel based single crystal superalloy has become the main material for the manufacture of advanced aero-engine and gas turbine blades due to its excellent high temperature mechanical property and microstructure stability. The anisotropy of mechanical property for nickel based single crystal superalloy is very important for the service property, safety and reliability of turbine blades, which has been highly valued by turbine blade designers and manufacturing experts. In order to meet the more stringent application requirements, new nickel based single crystal superalloys have been constantly developed at home and abroad to improve the temperature bearing capacity of aero-engine blades. However, the research on the anisotropy of mechanical property for new alloys is not very comprehensive, and the mechanism of newly added elements needs to be further studied.
In recent years, the research at home and abroad shows that the anisotropy of mechanical property for nickel based single crystal superalloy is related to temperature, stress and other factors. Meanwhile, different single crystal superalloys show different laws of anisotropy. The tensile property of nickel based single crystal superalloy has obvious anisotropy. With the increase of temperature, the ability of atomic diffusion and the number of slip systems increases, and the anisotropy of tensile property decreases. With the increase on the content of refractory elements in the alloy composition, the dislocation cross-section probability or deformation compatibility of the slip system will change, showing different tensile anisotropy. Under the condition of medium temperature and high stress, there is significant anisotropy in creep property. With the increase of stress, the creep property of the alloy with [001] orientation decreases significantly, and the creep property of the alloy with [111] orientation changes little, which is related to the effect of stress change on the number of slip systems. With the increase on the content of refractory elements, it is easier to start the slip systems with different orientations and form stacking faults, which affects the anisotropy of creep property. Under the condition of high temperature and low stress, the anisotropy of creep property is weakened, the creep property of the alloy with [111] orientation is better, and the creep property of the alloy with [001] and [011] orientation is poor. The low cycle fatigue property of nickel based single crystal superalloy also has obvious anisotropy. The fatigue life of the alloy with [001] orientation is the longest, followed by the alloy with [011] orientation, and the alloy with [111] orientation is the shortest. The high cycle fatigue property decreases in the order of [111], [001] and [011] orientation, which is mainly related to the elastic modulus, the number of slip systems and Schmid factor.
This article introduces the research progress on anisotropy of mechanical properties such as tensile, creep and fatigue property of nickel based single crystal superalloys in detail. The failure mechanism of alloys with different crystal orientations is revealed. The problems of the anisotropy of new nickel-based single crystal superalloy are stuclied and its prospects are discussed. The purpose is to provide a useful reference for the application of nickel base single crystal superalloy in aero-engine turbine blades in the future.
作者简介: 窦学铮,2019年6月毕业于北京科技大学,获得材料化学专业工学学士学位。2022年1月毕业于北京科技大学,获得材料科学与工程专业工学硕士学位。现为中国航发北京航空材料研究院助理工程师。目前主要研究方向为镍基高温合金微观组织和力学性能。硕士期间在Progress in Natural Science: Materials International、International Journal of Photoenergy各发表论文1篇,在EI期刊《稀有金属》发表中文论文1篇。 蒋立武,博士,北京科技大学国家材料服役安全科学中心副研究员、项目博导。2005年7月本科毕业于河北工业大学,获得材料科学与工程专业学士学位。2010年12月毕业于北京航空航天大学,获得材料学专业博士学位。现任北京科技大学国家材料服役安全科学中心科研管理部主任。主要从事高温结构材料研发、服役行为表征、先进表征技术开发、材料性能模拟等研究工作。主持承担两机专项、国家自然科学基金重大研究计划、面上项目、青年基金项目和航空科学基金等项目。作为主要参与人参加国家重点研发计划重点专项、国家重大仪器设备开发专项、国家自然科学基金、“863项目”、“973项目”、总装预研项目等多项国家科研项目。近年来,在高温结构材料领域发表论文30余篇,获中国材料研究学会科学技术奖一等奖1项,出版学术专著1部,国家授权专利5项。 赵云松,2011年本科毕业于北京科技大学,获得工学学士学位。2017年博士毕业于北京科技大学,获得工学博士学位。现为中国航发北京航空材料研究院研究员,主要研究方向为航空发动机新一代镍基单晶高温合金及涡轮叶片工程化应用。近五年来在Acta Materialia等期刊上发表论文30余篇,申请专利8项,授权3项。作为负责人承担国家自然科学基金2项、北京市自然科学基金1项、国防科工局大飞机材料专项2项、航发集团重大攻关课题3项。
引用本文:
窦学铮, 蒋立武, 宋尽霞, 赵云松. 镍基单晶高温合金力学性能各向异性的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2022, 36(24): 21040222-15.
DOU Xuezheng, JIANG Liwu, SONG Jinxia, ZHAO Yunsong. Research Progress on Anisotropy of Mechanical Properties for Nickel Based Single Crystal Superalloys. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(24): 21040222-15.
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2022, Vol. 36 
