Status Quo of Applying Microwave Technique to the Pyrolysis Process of Coal
ZHOU Jun1,2, WU Lei1, LIANG Kun1, SONG Yonghui1,2, ZHANG Qiuli1,2
1 School of Metallurgical Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055 2 Shaanxi Province Metallurgical Engineering and Technology Research Centre, Xi’an 710055
Abstract: The characteristics of energy distribution in China can be concluded as “rich in coal, poor in oil, and short of gas”. As the most abundant primary energy, coal resource plays an crucial role in Chinese energy structure.Direct combustion for heatsupply and power generationhas long been a major utilization method of coal resources. However, direct combustion is the most extensive utilization method, which will cause serious environmental pollution. Therefore, it is the main direction for the development of coal resources utilization in the future to promote clean coal production, and transform coal into a more energy efficient and environmentally friendly secondary energy source. The microwave pyrolysis technology of coal is a novel coal pyrolysis process that combines microwave technology with coal pyrolysis technology.Based on the dielectric loss and magnetic loss of polar functional groups, fixed carbon, ash and other composition in coal, the microwave energy can be quickly absorbed and converted into heat energy,and products in solid, gas and liquid forms are generated. The microwave pyrolysis technology of coal features short reaction time, high chemical reaction rate, high liquid product yield and favorable product quality. Meanwhile, different from conventional coal pyrolysis technology, microwave pyrolysis technology can greatly reduce environmental pollution, improve the utilization rate of coal resources, which provide an effective way for clean and efficient utilization of coal. The researches on microwave pyrolysis technology of coal at home and abroad mainly focuses on the impact of technical conditions of coal microwave pyrolysis, pyrolysis environment and mixed materials pyrolysis on the distribution of pyrolysis products and the mechanism of component escape,aiming at improving coal pyrolysis efficiency,and coal tar yield and quality. Numerous research results indicate that the shape and size of coal particles, the moisture content in coal sample, the pyrolysis temperature, microwave output power and other factors will affect the distribution,yield and quality of coal microwave pyrolysis products. Furthermore, it is beneficial for acquiring higher heating rate and more uniform temperature distribution, and further improve the coal tar yield and quality significantly by adding activated carbon, coke and other carbon mate-rials, or metal mate rials like Fe3O4, CuO as microwave absorbent. Besides,sufficient hydrogen can be provided for hydrogenation pyrolysis reaction to achieve complete hydrogenation reaction can be realized by introducing methane or hydrogen, or other industrial tail gas rich in hydrogen into pyrolysis process,or co-pyrolysis coal with waste plastics, biomass, oil shale, liquefied residue and other substance rich in hydrogen. The synergistic effect of hydrogenation in microwave field can effectively improve the pyrolysis efficiency of coal and the yield of coal tar, and increase the content of light components in coal tar. This article reviews status quo of applying microwave technique in pyrolysis process of coal and offers a retrospection of the main influence factors for coal microwave pyrolysis process, and provides descriptions about three existing coal microwave pyrolysis technologies: coal enhanced microwave pyrolysis, coal hydrogenation pyrolysis and coal microwave co-pyrolysis. It also analyzes the key existing problems in the application process, and put forward the research directions of developing coal microwave pyrolysis technology, which lays a solid foundation for accelerating the industrial application of microwave pyrolysis technology of coal.
周军, 吴雷, 梁坤, 宋永辉, 张秋利. 微波技术在煤热解工艺中的应用现状[J]. 材料导报, 2019, 33(1): 191-197.
ZHOU Jun, WU Lei, LIANG Kun, SONG Yonghui, ZHANG Qiuli. Status Quo of Applying Microwave Technique to the Pyrolysis Process of Coal. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(1): 191-197.
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