碳纤维石墨化技术综述

doi:10.11896/cldb.20120255

材料导报

2022, Vol. 36

Issue (17): 20120255-8 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.20120255

无机非金属及其复合材料

碳纤维石墨化技术综述

卫新宇^1,2, 张文瑾^1,2, 陈龙威^1,*, 刘成周¹, 林启富¹, 江贻满¹, 王晓洁¹

1 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所,合肥 230031
2 中国科学技术大学科学岛分院,合肥 230026

Review of Graphitization Technology of Carbon Fibers

WEI Xinyu^1,2, ZHANG Wenjin^1,2, CHEN Longwei^1,*, LIU Chengzhou¹, LIN Qifu¹, JIANG Yiman¹, WANG Xiaojie¹

1 Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
2 Science Island Branch of Graduate School,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

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摘要高性能碳纤维具有极大的应用价值,碳纤维在石墨化后含碳量可达99%,且其拉伸模量和导电性能显著提升,热膨胀系数接近于0,适用于昼夜温差大的太空环境。因此,石墨化碳纤维被广泛应用于航天航空等尖端技术领域。石墨化设备和手段是制备高性能石墨纤维的关键,本文将石墨化设备按生产工艺和加热方式分为连续式和非连续式、间接加热式和直接加热式,分别介绍了电阻加热、感应加热、等离子体加热、微波加热、激光加热、γ射线加热和催化加热等石墨化技术,综述了上述石墨化方法和设备的优缺点,讨论并分析了碳纤维石墨化过程中微观结构的变化及其与碳纤维性能的关联性,指出如何更新和优化传统石墨化设备,来克服当前石墨化设备能耗高、成本高、效率低的缺点,为未来研发新兴的石墨化工艺、设备以及制备结构完备、性能优异的石墨纤维提供重要的参考和经验。

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	卫新宇
	张文瑾
	陈龙威
	刘成周
	林启富
	江贻满
	王晓洁

关键词: 碳纤维石墨化结构与性能等离子体

Abstract: High-performance carbon fiber has great application prospects. The carbon content of carbon fiber can reach 99% after graphitization. The tensile modulus and conductivity can be improved greatly, and the coefficient of thermal expansion approaches to 0, which is suitable for the space environment involving a great diurnal temperature variation. Therefore, graphitized carbon fiber is extensively applied to cutting-edge technology fields such as space flight and aviation. Graphitization equipment and methods are the key aspect for preparing high-performance carbon fiber. In this paper, graphitization equipment is divided into continuous and discontinuous, indirect heating and direct heating, according to production process and heating method. Introductions were given to graphitization techniques including resistance heating, induction heating, plasma heating, microwave heating, laser heating, γ-ray heating and catalytic heating. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of graphitization methods and equipments were summarized, meanwhile the microstructure change of carbon fiber in graphitization and its correlation with carbon fiber properties were analyzed. It will be the future development trend to optimize the traditional graphitization equipment and overcome the disadvantages of existing graphitization equipment such as high energy consumption, high cost and low efficiency. It provides important reference and experience for the future research and development of emerging graphitization process, equipment and the preparation of graphite fibers with complete structure and excellent performance.

Key words: carbon fiber graphitization structure and performance plasma

出版日期: 2022-09-10 发布日期: 2022-09-10

ZTFLH:

TQ342+.74

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(11575252;11775270);合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(19KZS206)

通讯作者: ^*lwchen@ipp.ac.cn

作者简介: 卫新宇,硕士研究生,2019年毕业于郑州大学材料科学与工程学院材料化学专业,获得理学学士学位。目前就读于合肥物质研究院等离子体物理研究所,主要研究方向为微波等离子技术及碳材料处理。
陈龙威,中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究所副研究员。2003年和2006年毕业于大连理工大学,分别获学士和硕士学位,2011年在中国科学技术大学/中科院等离子体物理研究所取得等离子体物理博士学位。长期从事低温等离子体应用和材料与等离子体相互作用的研究,在等离子体应用领域专业期刊以第一作者/通讯作者发表论文20余篇。

引用本文:

卫新宇, 张文瑾, 陈龙威, 刘成周, 林启富, 江贻满, 王晓洁. 碳纤维石墨化技术综述[J]. 材料导报, 2022, 36(17): 20120255-8.
WEI Xinyu, ZHANG Wenjin, CHEN Longwei, LIU Chengzhou, LIN Qifu, JIANG Yiman, WANG Xiaojie. Review of Graphitization Technology of Carbon Fibers. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(17): 20120255-8.

链接本文:

http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.20120255 或 http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2022/V36/I17/20120255

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