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材料导报  2022, Vol. 36 Issue (21): 20100053-9    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.20100053
  无机非金属及其复合材料 |
高镍三元正极材料失效机制与改性
刘文超1,2, 高峰2, 曲江英2,*, 籍少敏1,*, 霍延平1
1 广东工业大学轻工化工学院, 广州 510006
2 东莞理工学院生态环境与建筑工程学院,广东 东莞 523808
Failure Mechanism and Modification of High Nickel Ternary Cathode Materials
LIU Wenchao1,2, GAO Feng2, QU Jiangying2,*, JI Shaomin1,*, HUO Yanping1
1 College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
2 School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
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摘要 高镍三元层状正极材料因具有超高的质量能量密度(250 W·h/kg)、理论比容量(200 mA·h/g)和较低的生产成本(50元/kg),逐渐成为商业新型动力电池正极材料的主要发展方向之一。但因其充放电过程中表面较高的碱含量、Ni2+/Li+阳离子混排、氧缺陷和颗粒开裂等结构问题,容易造成材料相变的发生,从而降低材料的热稳定性能和电化学性能。本文介绍了商业现有锂离子电池正极材料的研究现状及结构和性能指标,总结了高镍三元层状正极材料的容量失效和结构降解机理,重点综述了近三年关于高镍三元层状正极材料表面包覆和体相掺杂的策略,并对高镍三元正极材料在单晶体系、低钴或无钴、电解液添加剂和安全性能等方面的未来发展趋势及实际生产运用进行了展望。
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刘文超
高峰
曲江英
籍少敏
霍延平
关键词:  高镍  失效机理  表面包覆  体相掺杂    
Abstract: The high-nickel ternary layered cathode materials have gradually become the main development direction of new commercial cathode materials for lithium-ion battery (LIB) due to their ultra-high energy density (250 W·h/kg) and theoretical specific capacity (200 mA·h/g) as well as low cost (50 yuan/kg). However, they often suffer structural problems such as high residual alkali,Ni2+/Li+ cation mixing, oxygen defects, particle cracking and phase transformation during the process of charging and discharging, which are prone to reduce the thermal stability and electrochemical performance. Starting with a brief introduction of the status quo of global commercial cathode materials for LIB and on the basis of a summary of the mechanisms behind capacity failure and structural degradation of high nickel ternary layered cathode materials, this review put emphasis on the pertinent improvement strategies including surface coating and bulk doping in recent three years. It ends with a prospective discussion on the future development trends such as single crystal system, low cobalt or no cobalt, electrolyte additives and safety performances, as well as the industrial commercialization.
Key words:  high nickel    failure mechanism    surface coating    bulk doping
出版日期:  2022-11-10      发布日期:  2022-11-03
ZTFLH:  TM912  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(51972059);东莞理工学院领军人才项目(GB200902-31);东莞理工学院博士启动资助(GC300501-072)
通讯作者:  * qujianggaofeng@163.com;smji@gdut.edu.cn   
作者简介:  刘文超,2018年6月毕业于泉州师范学院,获得学士学位。现为广东工业大学硕士研究生,在曲江英和籍少敏教授的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究方向为锂离子电池高镍三元正极材料。
曲江英,东莞理工学院教授、硕士研究生导师。2007年获得大连理工大学理学博士学位,主要研究方向为炭基新材料的结构设计、环境净化和能源转化应用研究。在Nano Energy、Applied Catalyst B等国内外著名期刊上发表论文30余篇。
籍少敏,广东工业大学教授、博士研究生导师、广东省青年珠江学者。2011年获得大连理工大学理学博士学位,主要从事有机光电材料、上转换发光材料、发光分子探针、储锂/钠材料等方面的研究,在Angewandte Chemie International Edition等权威学术刊物上发表SCI论文90余篇。
引用本文:    
刘文超, 高峰, 曲江英, 籍少敏, 霍延平. 高镍三元正极材料失效机制与改性[J]. 材料导报, 2022, 36(21): 20100053-9.
LIU Wenchao, GAO Feng, QU Jiangying, JI Shaomin, HUO Yanping. Failure Mechanism and Modification of High Nickel Ternary Cathode Materials. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(21): 20100053-9.
链接本文:  
http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.20100053  或          http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2022/V36/I21/20100053
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