纳米金属氧化物在化学战剂洗消方面的研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.20090180

材料导报

2022, Vol. 36

Issue (11): 20090180-10 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.20090180

无机非金属及其复合材料

纳米金属氧化物在化学战剂洗消方面的研究进展

郭玥婷, 雷美玲, 陈文明, 辛毅, 许文彩, 闵崎, 陈立坤, 吴遥, 孔令策, 左言军

防化研究院国民核生化灾害防护国家重点实验室,北京 10220

Research Progress of Nano Metal Oxides in Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agents

GUO Yueting, LEI Meiling, CHEN Wenming, XIN Yi, XU Wencai, MIN Qi, CHEN Likun, WU Yao, KONG Lingce, ZUO Yanjun

National Key Laboratory of Nuclear and Biochemical Disaster Prevention, Beijing 102205, China

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摘要化学战剂(CWAs)(如芥子气(HD)、梭曼(GD)、沙林(GB)和维埃克斯(VX)等)是指用于战争、具有剧烈毒性、能大规模地毒害或杀伤人畜和植物的各种化学物质。其对人员的伤害不可估量,因此对具有快速、广谱消毒能力的洗消剂的研究是近年来研究的热点之一。纳米金属氧化物在化学毒剂、含磷农药、污水处理等方面表现出优异性能。纳米金属氧化物能够对化学战剂进行吸附和反应降解,尤其复合型纳米金属氧化物,其表面积更大,能够提供更多的活性位点,但存在易团聚、样品含水量对降解效果影响大等问题。本文针对纳米金属氧化物的制备方法对化学战剂及其模拟剂的消毒动力学、消毒能力、反应机理等方面进行了概述,提出消毒效果及机理方面的研究可能是解决广谱消毒问题的关键。开发和制备复合型纳米金属氧化物,以实现对三种毒剂的高效广谱消毒,将会是未来重要的研究方向之一。

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	郭玥婷
	雷美玲
	陈文明
	辛毅
	许文彩
	闵崎
	陈立坤
	吴遥
	孔令策
	左言军

关键词: 纳米金属氧化物复合材料化学战剂洗消机理

Abstract: Chemical warfare agents(CWAs), such as sulfur mustard (HD), Soman (GD), Sarin (GB) and VX, are chemical substances used for war purposes that are highly toxic and capable of poisoning or killing humans, animals and plants on a large scale. They do immeasurable harm to humans, and thus the research on decontamination agents with fast and broad spectrum is one of the hotspots in recent years. Nano-metal oxi-des have shown excellent performance in CWAs, phosphorus pesticides, sewage treatment and other fields. Nano-metal oxides can adsorb and react with CWAs, especially the composite metal oxides. They have larger surface area and can provide more active sites. However, some problems need to be solved, such as easy agglomeration and large influence of sample moisture content. This paper summarizes the preparation methods, decontamination kinetics, decontamination ability and reaction mechanism of nano-metal oxides for CWAs and their simulators. It is suggested that the study of decontamination effect and mechanism may be the key to solving the problem of broad-spectrum decontamination. It should be one of the important research directions in the future to develop and prepare composite metal oxides for the high efficiency and wide spectrum decontamination of the three agents.

Key words: nano metal oxides composite material chemical warfare agents decontamination mechanism

发布日期: 2022-06-09

ZTFLH:

O62

基金资助: 国民核生化灾害防护国家重点实验室基金项目(SKLNBC2018-08)

通讯作者: konglince@163.com; zyj1688@sina.com

作者简介: 郭玥婷,现于军事科学院攻读硕士学位,在左言军研究员的指导下进行研究,目前主要研究领域为纳米金属氧化物降解化学战剂。
孔令策,国民核生化灾害防护国家重点实验室副研究员,2003年6月本科毕业于河北工业大学化工学院,2010年6月博士毕业于防化学院。主要从事特种污染物处置技术研究。近年来,在纳米材料和功能化离子液体制备及应用领域发表论文30余篇,申请专利10余项。
左言军,军事科学院防化研究院研究员、技术大校、博士研究生导师。1996年7月本科毕业于现陆军防化学院,2000年毕业于防化研究院,获环境工程硕士学位,2003年毕业于防化研究院,获军事化学专业博士学位,全军优秀博士学位论文获得者。目前主要从事核生化处置技术研究。目前为军委科技委国防科技机动处突专家组成员,北京市表面工程学会理事。先后获得国家科技进步二等奖1项,军队科技进步一等奖1项,二等奖5项,主持完成多型军用洗消剂和洗消装备研制,在国内外核心期刊发表论文50余篇,SCI和EI收录10余篇。

引用本文:

郭玥婷, 雷美玲, 陈文明, 辛毅, 许文彩, 闵崎, 陈立坤, 吴遥, 孔令策, 左言军. 纳米金属氧化物在化学战剂洗消方面的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2022, 36(11): 20090180-10.
GUO Yueting, LEI Meiling, CHEN Wenming, XIN Yi, XU Wencai, MIN Qi, CHEN Likun, WU Yao, KONG Lingce, ZUO Yanjun. Research Progress of Nano Metal Oxides in Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agents. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(11): 20090180-10.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.20090180 或 http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2022/V36/I11/20090180

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