Abstract: Amorphous alloys have many properties superior to traditional alloys, and many properties of amorphous alloys with nanocrystalline structure are fundamentally different from those of traditional crystalline alloys and amorphous alloys. As one of the most widely used amorphous alloys, iron-based amorphous alloys have more excellent soft magnetic properties after heat treatment. This high-performance functional alloy responds to the call of national energy conservation and emission reduction policy, and is a green product that focuses on the development of information, biology, energy, environmental protection, space and high technology in the 21st century. In order to obtain nanocrystalline alloys with more excellent properties, many scholars have studied the effect of element substitution on nanocrystalline alloys in recent decades. However, the current research on nanocrystalline alloys is limited to iron-based amorphous alloys, and there is no exploration of amorphous alloys based on other elements. At the same time, the design of nanocrystalline alloy components is mostly based on empirical laws or exploratory experiments, and there is no unified consensus on the theoretical model for the design of alloy components. Since the advent of Finemet alloy in 1988, in addition to a large number of attempts to improve its soft magnetic properties, researchers have also carried out continuous exploration on the formation mechanism of nanocrystals. It is found that the crystallization mechanism of Finemet alloy nanocrystals is mainly attributed to the interaction between Cu and Nb in the α-Fe(Si)matrix. Finemet series alloys have been applied in transformers and current transformers due to their low cost, high magnetic induction of Fe-based amorphous alloys, and low hysteresis loss and high permeability of Co-based amorphous alloys. At the same time, with the progress of society and the growing demand for green development, the research of Finemet alloy is no longer limited to the application in the transformer design. Researchers have done a lot of exploration on the giant magneto impedance effect, surface diversity and the development of composite materials, and have realized its application in military, information, energy and other industries. Taking the classic Finemet alloy as an example, this paper summarizes the research on Finemet alloy by element replacement in recent years, and analyzes the influence of various elements on Finemet alloy. By analyzing the nanocrystalline crystallization process of Finemet alloy, the mechanism of various elements affecting the magnetic properties of nanocrystalline is classified. On this basis, a theoretical model for studying nanocrystalline magnetic alloy is proposed. Finally, the research progress and future development of Finemet alloys are reviewed.
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