Improved Fill Factor of Dye-sensitized Solar Cells with Nickel Diselenide Counter Electrode by Electrodeposition-Solvothermal-Selenization Technique
JIANG Qingsong1, CHEN Junwen2, YANG Ziying1, LI Wenbo2, CHENG Wenjie2, HU Guang2
1 Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Lake Environment Remote Sensing Technologies, Faculty of Electronic Information Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an 223003 2 Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an 223003
Abstract: The photovoltaic performance of low-cost dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) should be further improved to promote the development and utilization of green renewable energy. The photovoltaic performance can be directly affected by counter electrode (CE) as an important part of DSCs. However, the photovoltaic performance of DSCs based on nickel selenides CE can be further improved. Therefore, the further enhance the electrocatalytic performances of nickel selenide CEs is one of the key scientific problems. To improve the electrocatalytic performances of nic-kel selenide CEs, various synthetic techniques have been used to control their morphology and phase. Specially, previous researches have shown that NiSe2 nanomaterials exhibit good electronic conductivity and catalytic activity due to the more edge active sites. However, the DSC assembled from NiSe2 CE shows the relatively smaller fill factor than that of the DSC assembled from platinum (Pt) CE. In this work, we have demonstrated the electrodeposition-solvothermal-selenization technique to design and fabricate NiSe2 CE. The fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass was used as substrate to synthesize Co(OH)2 films by a potentiostatic electrodeposition technique. The nickel me-tal-organic frameworks (Ni-MOF) were fabricated on the Co(OH)2 films by solvothermal method. And then selenium powder was used as sele-nium source to prepare NiSe2 nanomaterials in an argon atmosphere by selenization technique. The results from SEM, TEM, XRD patterns, and XPS spectra demonstrate that as synthesized samples are composed of the pure phase NiSe2. NiSe2 nanomaterials appear as irregular nanoparticles with the average size of about 500 nm. And NiSe2 nanomaterials uniformly grow on the surface of FTO glass, which can be directly applied as CE of DSCs. NiSe2 CE was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and Tafel polarization curves to analysis electrocatalytic activity. The results demonstrate that NiSe2 CE shows the narrower peak-to-peak potential separation, smaller series resistance, charge transfer resistance, the Nernst diffusion impedance, and the larger reduction peak current density and exchange current density, which indicating the excellent electrocatalytic performances of NiSe2 CE. The reason for this is likely that the pure NiSe2 nanomaterials with good crystallinity provides the more edge active sites. The adhesive strength between NiSe2 nanomaterials and FTO glass have been enhanced by the fabrication technique, which is beneficial to facilitate the electron transfer. In addition, the photovoltaic performance of DSCs was carried out by photocurrent-voltage curves. It is found that the DSC based on NiSe2 CE exhibits the high photovoltaic performance, and achieves the larger energy conversion efficiency of 7.63% than that of the DSC with Pt CE (7.21%). In particular, the fill factor of DSCs is effectively improved from 0.65 to 0.70, due to the small total resistance of NiSe2 CE. NiSe2 CE has been successfully designed and synthesized by the electrodeposition-solvothermal-selenization technique. As-prepared NiSe2 CE exhibits the excellent electrocatalytic performances, resulting in improving the photovoltaic performance of DSCs. Moreover, the fill factor of DSCs with NiSe2 CE has been effectively improved by the technique.
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2019, Vol. 33 
