Abstract: As a kind of cheap transition metal oxide, tungsten oxide has good performance in photochromic, electrochromic, photocatalytic, and ultra-capacitor and is widely used in smart windows, catalysts, solar cells, and gas-sensitive sensing equipment, etc. Tungsten oxide with nano structure possesses many unique properties, such as the increased specific surface area, changed surface energy, and quantum limited-domain effects, which has made the fabrication of nano-tungsten oxide become a hot spot in recent years. There are many methods for preparing nano-tungsten oxide, including gas phase method, liquid phase method, solid phase method, etc. Hydrothermal/solvethermal method refers to a me-thod that crystal growth, synthesis, and sintering under the condition of high temperature and high pressure in a closed container by heating to produce a high-pressure environment. Compared with solid phase sintering, hydrothermal/solvethermal method makes the crystal less defects during the growth process for its lower synthetic temperature; compared with the atmospheric pressure heating method, hydrothermal/solvethermal method makes the crystal more crystallinity for its higher synthetic pressure, and furthermore, the method can induce the formation of new products since the properties of reactant may changed in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment. Moreover, the strong convection during hydrothermal/solvethermal can make the mass transfer more uniform and rapid, and the smaller temperature gradient can also make the crystal growth higher and more uniform. Because of the advantages of environmental, low-cost, facile processes, and easy control of products, hydrothermal/solvethermal method are more and more popular and are becoming the main method for preparing tungsten oxide with different dimensions, morphologies and structures. In order to control the structure and morphology of oxide, people often choose different kinds of additives selectively; or change experimental conditions, parameters; even through various doping. The diversification of preparation led to the diversity of the growth mechanism, such as isotro-pic growth, preferentially grow caused by capping agent, driving force of supersaturation, self-assembling (Ostwald ripening, Gibbs-Tomso law, decreasing surface area). In addition to the traditional applications, it is also reported that tungsten oxide can be used in fluorescence sensor, bio-imaging, photochromic inks, and nuclear fuel cycle after the improvement of their structure and morphology recently. Above all, there are obviously advantages of preparation tungsten oxide by hydrothermal/solvethermal method. Thus, it is necessary to make a systematic summary of this field. In the paper, the formation mechanism and application properties of tungsten oxide, which synthesized by hydrothermal/solvothermal method are presented and summarized based on their different structures, and also the research and develop trend are prospected.
赵林艳, 席晓丽, 樊佑书, 马立文. 纳米氧化钨的水热/溶剂热法制备及应用的综述[J]. 材料导报, 2019, 33(19): 3203-3209.
ZHAO Linyan, XI Xiaoli, FAN Youshu, MA Liwen. Review of Recent Progress in the Synthesis of Nano-tungsten Oxide via Hydrothermal/Solvothermal Method and the Application. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(19): 3203-3209.
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2019, Vol. 33 
