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材料导报  2024, Vol. 38 Issue (13): 23040260-11    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.23040260
  高分子与聚合物基复合材料 |
聚酰亚胺气凝胶的耐高温性能研究进展
张思钊1,2,3,*, 刘淳1, 姜勇刚2,*, 冯坚2
1 江西理工大学国际创新研究院聚合物气凝胶研究中心,南昌 330013
2 国防科技大学空天科学学院新型陶瓷纤维及其复合材料重点实验室,长沙 410073
3 国防科技大学空天科学学院力学博士后科研流动站,长沙 410073
Progress on Polyimide Aerogels with High Temperature Resistance
ZHANG Sizhao1,2,3,*, LIU Chun1, JIANG Yonggang2,*, FENG Jian2
1 Polymer Aerogels Research Center, International Institute for Innovation, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
2 Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composite Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
3 Postdoctoral Research Station on Mechanics, College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
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摘要 聚酰亚胺树脂具有高强度、高阻燃性、高热稳定性和低介电常数等特点,在航空航天、微电子等领域均有广泛应用。聚酰亚胺气凝胶由于其丰富的纳米多孔三维网络结构与聚酰亚胺本体特性相结合,具有良好的隔热性能以及优异的力学性能。然而,由于聚酰亚胺气凝胶丰富的纳米多孔结构,其耐高温性能相对于聚酰亚胺树脂明显下降,极大地限制了聚酰亚胺气凝胶在航空航天高温环境热防护领域的应用。本文针对聚酰亚胺气凝胶耐高温性能不足的问题,分别介绍了线型和交联型聚酰亚胺气凝胶及其主要制备方法,系统评述了国内外学者为提升聚酰亚胺气凝胶耐高温性能而采用的主要策略,同时对聚酰亚胺气凝胶在航空航天、压力传感、环境修复和保温隔热等领域的应用进行了总结,最后结合当前聚酰亚胺气凝胶面临的主要挑战,对其未来的研究动态进行了展望。
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张思钊
刘淳
姜勇刚
冯坚
关键词:  聚酰亚胺气凝胶  隔热材料  热稳定性  耐高温性  热致收缩    
Abstract: Polyimide resins have so many excellent properties such as high mechanical strength, high flame resistance, high thermal stability and low dielectric constants. They are widely used in the fields of aerospace, microelectronics. Polyimide aerogels have excellent thermal insulation along with mechanical properties due to their abundant 3D nanoporous network structure combine with the properties of polyimide. However, due to the presence of abundant nanoporous network structure, the high temperature resistance of polyimide aerogels is significantly lower than that of polyimide resins, which greatly limits the application of polyimide aerogels in the field of thermal protection in aerospace high temperature environment. Based on the research status, this paper aimes at the problem of insufficient high temperature resistance of polyimide aerogels, linear and cross-linked polyimide aerogels and their main preparation methods are introduced, and systematic reviews the main strategies of domestic and foreign scholars to improve the high temperature resistance of polyimide aerogels. The applications in aerospace, pressure sensing, environmental remediation and thermal insulation of polyimide aerogels are also mentioned in the paper. Furthermore, considering the main challenges currently faced by polyimide aerogels, its future research trends have prospected.
Key words:  polyimide aerogels    thermal insulation material    thermal stability    high temperature resistance    thermal contraction
出版日期:  2024-07-10      发布日期:  2024-08-01
ZTFLH:  TQ323.7  
基金资助: 国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2204403);国防基础科研项目(WDZC20225250501);中国博士后科学基金面上资助(2021M693969);江西省重点研发计划(20232BBE50002)
通讯作者:  *姜勇刚,2007年获国防科技大学材料科学与工程专业博士学位,英国牛津大学材料系访问学者,现任国防科技大学空天科学学院副研究员、硕士研究生导师,主要从事纳米气凝胶隔热复合材料研究。近年来,发表学术论文30余篇,授权国家发明专利20余项。jygemail@nudt.edu.cn
张思钊,2018年获国防科技大学材料科学与工程专业博士学位,现任江西理工大学国际创新研究院副教授、硕士研究生导师,主要从事飞行器热防护技术及系统工程应用研究。近年来,发表SCI学术论文20余篇,出版学术专著1部,授权国家发明专利6项、国际发明专利1项。sinchawchang@126.com   
引用本文:    
张思钊, 刘淳, 姜勇刚, 冯坚. 聚酰亚胺气凝胶的耐高温性能研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2024, 38(13): 23040260-11.
ZHANG Sizhao, LIU Chun, JIANG Yonggang, FENG Jian. Progress on Polyimide Aerogels with High Temperature Resistance. Materials Reports, 2024, 38(13): 23040260-11.
链接本文:  
http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.23040260  或          http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2024/V38/I13/23040260
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