Optimization of Sound Absorption Performance of Metal Foam and Its Composite Structure
ZHANG Yu1, GUO Wenlong1, LIANG Lisi1,*, MI Han2, MA Hongyue2, ZHANG Ziheng3, LI Linbo1,*
1 College of Metallurgical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China 2 Shaanxi Metallurgical Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an 710055, China 3 Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Gold and Resources, Xi'an 710055, China
Abstract: In order to improve the low-frequency sound absorption effect of single-layer metal foam and widen its sound absorption frequency band, this work combined the single-layer samples of aluminum foam and nickel foam with different structural parameters according to the frequency bands corresponding to their sound absorption peaks, and exchanged their order before and after for conducting sound absorption performance studies. The construction parameters of the composite structure with the optimal sound absorption performance were obtained by the response surface analysis method, and verified by experiments. The results show that the double-layer porous-resonant composite structure is formed by compounding aluminum foam and nickel foam and adding a back cavity. The composite structure with aluminum foam in front shows the characteristics of resonant sound absorber, while the composite structure with nickel foam in front shows the sound absorption characteristics of porous material. The composite structure has a good sound absorption effect in the whole frequency range, and when the single-layer structures are coupled with each other, multiple absorption peaks appear, and the center frequency moves to the low frequency region. The high-frequency sound absorption effect of the composite structure with nickel foam is better than that of the composite structure with foam aluminum. The results of the response surface analysis show that when the thickness of nickel foam is 20 mm close to the sound source, the thickness of foam aluminum is 15 mm close to the rigid wall, a 34 mm cavity is added between the two, and a 28 mm cavity is added between the foam aluminum and the rigid wall, the combination has good performance. The sound absorption performance can accurately obtain the optimal composite structure with an average sound absorption coefficient of 0.920. In the experiment, the transfer function method was used to measure the sound absorption coefficient of the composite structure under the construction parameters, and the measured value was 0.916, which was basically consistent with the predicted value obtained by the response surface method.
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2023, Vol. 37 
