液晶材料在智能光学器件中的应用研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.21040006

材料导报

2022, Vol. 36

Issue (18): 21040006-9 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.21040006

高分子与聚合物基复合材料

液晶材料在智能光学器件中的应用研究进展

张梦梦¹, 刘梦^2,3, 杨丽丽², 葛邓腾^3,*

1 北京卫星制造厂有限公司,北京 100094
2 东华大学材料科学与工程学院,纤维改性国家重点实验室,上海 201620
3 东华大学功能材料研究中心,上海 201620

Research Progress of Liquid Crystal Materials' Applications in Smart Optical Devices

ZHANG Mengmeng¹, LIU Meng^2,3, YANG Lili², GE Dengteng^3,*

1 Beijing Spacecrafts, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China
2 State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
3 Institute of Functional Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China

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摘要智能光学材料可通过外场调控光的折射、散射等特性来实现颜色、透光度、偏振等光学性能的改变,在信息、能源、国防等领域的智能光学器件中具有重要的应用价值。在众多构建智能光学器件的智能光学材料中,液晶材料由于具有双折射效应、多驱动方式、易产业化等特点,展示出独特的优势。例如,基于胆甾相液晶制备的反射式显示器无需背光源,能耗低、轻便柔性且能够用于户外显示;液晶还可以实现透光度的调控,可用作降低玻璃建筑能耗的智能窗,以及与太阳能电池等技术相结合作光切换窗口;液晶和取向、偏光技术相结合后可在外场下调控光的折射、偏振,可制成电控光学元件;胆甾相液晶在温度、湿度、气体或压力刺激下会改变颜色,可用于制备可视化传感器。本文总结了液晶材料在反射式显示器、智能窗、电控光学元件、可视化传感器四类智能光学器件中的应用进展,重点介绍了每种应用方向的工作机理,并分析目前研究的优势和不足;最后对未来液晶材料在智能光学器件中的应用发展趋势与挑战进行了展望。本文旨在为实现液晶材料更广泛的工程应用提供有益的借鉴。

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	张梦梦
	刘梦
	杨丽丽
	葛邓腾

关键词: 液晶智能光学器件显示智能窗可视化传感器

Abstract: Smart optical materials can adjust light refraction and scattering through external fields to modulate optical properties, such as color, transmittance, and polarization. They show important application potential as smart optical devices in the fields of information, energy and national defense. Among many smart optical materials, liquid crystals exhibit unique advantages due to their birefringence effect, multiple driving modes and easy industrialization. For example, reflective display devices based on cholesteric liquid crystal materials don't need backlight, and have low energy consumption, light weight and flexibility, which can also be used for outdoor display. Liquid crystal can also control light transmittance, and thus it can be used to prepare smart windows for reducing glass buildings' energy consumption, and serve as optical switchable window in conjunction with solar cells and other technologies. With the combination of liquid crystals, orientation and polarization technology, the refraction and polarization of light can be controlled through external fields, and electronically controlled optical elements can be prepared. Cholesteric liquid crystal can change color under temperature, humidity, gas or pressure stimulation, which is beneficial to preparing visual sensor. This article summarizes the application progress of liquid crystal materials in the four types of smart optical devices, reflective display, smart window, electronically controlled optical element and visual sensor. This review focus on the working mechanism of each application direction and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of current research. Finally, the prospects for the application development direction and challenges of liquid crystal materials in the field of smart optical devices are put forward. This article aims to provide a useful reference for the broader engineering applications of liquid crystals.

Key words: liquid crystal smart optical device display smart window visual sensor

收稿日期: 2022-09-25 出版日期: 2022-09-25 发布日期: 2022-09-26

ZTFLH:

TB381

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(51973033;11774049);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2232021D-02)

通讯作者: ^*dengteng@dhu.edu.cn

作者简介: 张梦梦,2011年12月获得南开大学工程硕士学位,现为北京卫星制造厂有限公司的项目主管,主要从事应用于航天器的智能材料与器件的研发工作。葛邓腾,东华大学功能材料研究中心研究员,博士研究生导师。2005年、2007年和2011年分别获得哈尔滨工业大学学士、硕士和博士学位。2012年5月到2015年11月,在宾夕法尼亚大学材料系从事博士后研究工作,2015年12月加入东华大学。在PNAS、Advanced Materials、iScience等杂志上发表研究文章70余篇,获得中国发明专利8项、美国发明专利1项。主要从事动态仿生材料及器件的设计、制备及在力学、光学、热学和表界面等领域的应用。

引用本文:

张梦梦, 刘梦, 杨丽丽, 葛邓腾. 液晶材料在智能光学器件中的应用研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2022, 36(18): 21040006-9.
ZHANG Mengmeng, LIU Meng, YANG Lili, GE Dengteng. Research Progress of Liquid Crystal Materials' Applications in Smart Optical Devices. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(18): 21040006-9.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.21040006 或 http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2022/V36/I18/21040006

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