An Overview on Functionalization Modification of Wood-plastic Composites
YANG Shoulu1,2, LUO Sha2, ZHANG Lei2, JI Ning1, LI Dan1, WU Yiqiang2
1 Guizhou Academy of Forestry, Guiyang 550005; 2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha 410004
Abstract: Wood-plastic composites (WPC), a novel species of green and environment-friendly materials which are typically comprised of wood or other natural lignocellulosic fibers in a thermoplastic matrix, have found application in various fields, such as construction materials, indoor decoration materials, packaging and transportation materials, etc. due to their satisfactory perfor-mances like high strength, good mechanical properties, renewability and low production cost. The mass production of WPC cannot only solve both the problems of low comprehensive utilization rate of waste lignocellulosic fibrous materials and the corresponding environmental pollution from disposing of recycled woody materials, but also mitigate “white pollution” caused by waste plastics. WPC, a hot spot in wood and plastics processing, have become a substantial trend in the use of recycled wood and plastic materials and displayed extensive market potential and application prospect. Nevertheless, the wood and plastics in WPC are flammable materials which generate hazardous smoke while burning. The durability of WPC is easily affected by ambient climate conditions, including UV light, moisture, temperature changes and so on. Meanwhile, the high hydrophilicity of wood materials in WPC make them susceptible towards various biotic degradation factors and prone to microbial decay, which may seriously affect the uses, even harm to our health. These inadequacies of WPC deteriorate its perfor-mance, and restrict significantly its use and service life. The researchers worked together to improve the flame retardancy, weathering resistance, and antimicrobial property of WPC in recent years. The use of additives, the surface pretreatment of wood or plastics matrix, and the WPC surface modification are the common means and methods for functionalization modification, in which the use of additives and the WPC surface modification are widely used in WPC processing owing to their advantages of simple operation and low cost. Ammonium polyphosphate (APP), aluminium hypophosphite (AHP), nano-metallic compounds, metal hydroxides, and nitrogen-and phosphorus-containing compounds are commonly used flame retardant and smoke suppression agents in WPC processing. The problem in the weatherability of WPC can be partly solved by the incorporation of hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS), ultraviolet-absorbents (UAS), UV-stabilizers and pigments and so on. Nano-titania, nanoclay, zinc oxide etc. are also employed to impart antimicrobiality to WPC. For the WPC surface modification, functional coatings or functional reagents can be brushed or grafted on the composites surface. The WPC researches are focused on promoting the single function at present, while multifunctionalized WPC deserves further study. Functionalization modification is a key technique for expanding the application range, prolonging the usage life, and improving the service safety of WPC. This paper reviews the recent progress in modification techniques with respect to flame retardancy and smoke suppression, anti-aging and weathering resistance, and antimicrobiality of WPC, as well as the properties characterization methodology for the correspondingly acquired functions. It also sketches out the future prospect and the challenge that fetters the development of functionalization modification of WPC.
杨守禄, 罗莎, 章磊, 姬宁, 李丹, 吴义强. 木塑复合材料功能化改性研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2018, 32(17): 3090-3098.
YANG Shoulu, LUO Sha, ZHANG Lei, JI Ning, LI Dan, WU Yiqiang. An Overview on Functionalization Modification of Wood-plastic Composites. Materials Reports, 2018, 32(17): 3090-3098.
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2018, Vol. 32 
