Research Progress of Elastomer Blended Modified Poly (Lactic Acid) (PLA)High Toughness Blends
ZHAO Xipo, HU Huan, XIONG Juan, WANG Xin, YU Xiaolei, PENG Shaoxian
Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068
Abstract: Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the most promising bio-based degradable materials. Its excellent mechanical properties, good plasticity and biocompatibility make it have great application potential in packaging, clothing and medicine, but PLA inherent brittleness and low impact toughness limit its range of applications. In the past ten years, many scholars have carried out a lot of research on the toughening modification of PLA. The main modification methods are compounding, copolymerization, plasticizing and blending. Composite modification refers to the addition of fibers such as fibers, modified carbon nanotubes (MWCHNTs), chitosan (Ch), and modified titanium dioxide (TiO2) to the PLA. The fillers form a physical crosslink with PLA to enhance strength and toughness, but the adhesion and dispersion between the filler and the matrix is a difficult problem to be solved. Copolymerization modification refers to the introduction of flexible molecular chains such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), polycaprolactone (PCL), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), and polyricin oil (PCO) onto the PLA chain these copolymers reduce the molecular chain regularity and crystallinity of the PLA,the toughness is improved significantly, but the high cost, serious pollution and complexity reaction process cannot meet the needs of the actual application. Plasticization modification refers to the addition of small molecular substances such as citrate, glyceryl ester, polyethylene glycol (PEG), lactic acid and lactate to PLA, which can enhance the mobility of PLA molecular chains, and the elongation at break is greatly increased, but the phenomenon of plasticizer migration is still to be resolved. Blending modification is to blend PLA with flexible polymers such as rubber particles or thermoplastic elastomers. When the flexible polymer component absorbs energy during shear debonding or deformation, the toughness of PLA is greatly improved. Among them, the thermoplastic elastomer has better processability than rubber particles, and the toughening effect on PLA is better, which is the focus of PLA toughening modification research. In this paper, the research progress of petroleum-based thermoplastic elastomers and bio-based/degradable elastomers toughened modified PLA is summarized. The principles and methods of toughening modification are introduced from the aspects of physical blending and reactive blending. The effects of the morphology of the blend phase and the interfacial entanglement on the properties of the blend were analyzed. Reactive blending and dynamic vulcanization process are beneficial to in-situ compatibilization in the blending process and are an effective way to prepare high toughness PLA/elastomer blends. The main methods and channels for bio-based/biodegradable elastomer toughened PLA to prepare high-toughness bio-based/biodegradable PLA blends are described in detail. Bio-based/degradable elastomers are an emerging direction for elastomer-toughened PLA and have important research value.
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2019, Vol. 33 
