Abstract: Mercaptan compounds are widely used as organic synthesis intermediates and fine chemicals in the fields of medicine, pesticides, electrochemistry, and organic synthesis. In China, mercaptan are in short supply and depend on import, as well as many mercaptan synthetic technology are immaturity, such as methyl mercaptan, t-butyl mercaptan 2-mercaptobenzothiazole. Therefore, the research of mercaptan synthesis is very important. Traditional mercaptan synthesis technique and methods have many defects, such as three wastes, long process, low yield; and sulfur source is single, mainly chemically active thiourea; in addition, many synthetic technique and methods don’t have universal applicability. The rise of ca-talytic science and the improvement of fine organic synthesis methods and theories provide a theoretical basis for solving these problems. With γ-Al2O3 as the carrier, transition metal oxides doped with alkali metal salt greatly increased the yield of mercaptan from hydrogen sulfide and alcohol synthesis technique; the birth of phase transfer catalyst reduced the energy consumption and production cost of halogenated hydrocarbon synthesis mercaptan technique; the discovery of many sulfur reagents and sulfur transfer reagents have broken through technical bottlenecks of many high value-added mercaptan synthesis, which has led to a large number of synthetic technique and methods have wide application range, good functional group orientation selectivity and high mercaptan yield, such as catalytic coupling, P2S5 mediated reactions. This article reviews the new developments of mercaptan synthesis in recent years. The reaction for synthesizing mercaptans is classified according to the reaction substrate and the sulfur source. Each technique is elaborated from the following aspects: the technique conditions, the catalytic system, the catalytic mechanism, and the final yield of the mercaptan. These technique such as alcohol synthesis, halogenated hydrocarbons synthesis, and syngas synthesis all using H2S as the sulfur source are highlighted. The advantages and disadvantages of each synthesis technique are analyzed. Finally, it points out that the optimization of catalytic systems and the widening of application scope of the va-rious techniquees are the main focus and the difficulty. The synthesis of mercaptans using industrial waste gas H2S and low value-added sulfur-containing compounds such as thioethers and disulfides as sulfur sources is an immportant research direction in the future.
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2020, Vol. 34 
