Abstract: Stainless steel holds widespread application in daily life and industry, especially in petrochemical industry, owing to its high mechanical strength, generally good oxidation resistance at complex environment and excellent comprehensive properties. Unfortunately, stainless steel cannot ether escape from corrosion, one of the three tough problems causing the loss of materials, which seriously blocks the further application of stainless steel. Presently, there are primarily two approaches to prevent metal from corrosion, namely coating and changing the element and content of the materials (alloying). Certain progress has been achieved in study of coating protection, but there are still serious deficiencies. The secondary pollution caused by coating in the process of production and application deprives itself of the room for survival. Besides, the corrosion of materials in petrochemical industry is not only the direct erosion of chemical medium, but also the result of the combined action of high temperature, high pressure and continuous operation in practical production. Accordingly, the protective approach that mainly change the elements and contents of materials has become the research focus in this area, because it can not only overcome some malpractice of coating protection, but also effectively improve service life of petrochemical pipeline equipment. Alloying is one of the important approaches to improve the corrosion resistance of stainless steel. And it is the main stream of stainless steel alloying to fully explore the potential of microelements by controlling the types and contents of the introduced microelements. By controlled addition of microelements, the performance of the matrix will be enhanced due to the alteration of the precipitation process, distribution and structure of the original alloy elements; more importantly, grain refinement and strengthening will be achieved through the specific precipitated phase of the microelements in the alloying process. Consequently, it is the key to obtain specific precipitates and achieve performance improvement by reasonably controlling the type and amount of introduced elements. Up to now, the researches on improving corrosion resistance of stainless steel by doping alloying elements are mainly focused on doping single alloying elements or rare earth elements. Some related studies have demonstrated that the addition of trace Co, Nb, Ru, is also capable of optimizing the corrosion resistance of stainless steel. In addition, the combined additions of alloying elements not only preserve the specific advantages of a single element, but also boost the effect through the interaction between elements. meanwhile, numerous research results have demonstrated that the addition amount of alloying elements play a dominant role in improving the performance of the alloy, regardless of the single or compound doping. From the point of view of improving the corrosion resistance of stainless steel, we summarize research progress of the effects of alloying elements, rare earth elements, other microelements, as well as the existence of various alloying elements on the anti-corrosion performance of stainless steel. meanwhile, we point out the existing problems, the improvement measures and development trends in the research of corrosion beha-vior of stainless steel.
毕凤琴, 周帮, 王勇. 合金化对不锈钢耐蚀性能影响的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2019, 33(7): 1206-1214.
BI Fengqin, ZHOU Bang, WANG Yong. Effect of Alloying on Anti-corrosion Performance of Stainless Steel: a Review. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(7): 1206-1214.
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2019, Vol. 33 
