蜂窝状多孔碳材料装载硫单质及其在锂硫电池中的储能性能研究

doi:10.11896/cldb.23010004

材料导报

2024, Vol. 38

Issue (16): 23010004-6 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.23010004

无机非金属及其复合材料

蜂窝状多孔碳材料装载硫单质及其在锂硫电池中的储能性能研究

康小雅, 何天启, 朱福良, 冉奋^*

兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院,省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,兰州 730050

Study of Sulfur Loaded in Honeycomb-Like Porous Carbon Materials and Energy Storage Performance in Lithium-Sulfur Battery

KANG Xiaoya, HE Tianqi, ZHU Fuliang, RAN Fen^*

State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China

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摘要单质硫及其放电最终产物Li₂S的绝缘性以及两者密度差异引起的结构坍塌等问题严重阻碍了锂硫电池的进一步发展,找寻合适的基体材料是解决上述问题的有效策略。本工作选用一种蜂窝状多孔碳作为硫正极的基体材料,通过常规的熔融扩散法将硫单质固定在碳孔隙中,并利用SEM、XRD、XPS和BET等方法对多孔碳@单质硫复合材料进行了表征。结果表明,硫单质均匀地负载在碳骨架中。同时,蜂窝状结构碳不仅为硫单质提供了电子导电网络,也保证了正极的稳定性。更重要的是,蜂窝状的结构为循环过程中硫正极的体积膨胀提供了一定的缓冲空间,缓解了结构坍塌这一问题。此外,碳基体丰富的孔隙度在一定程度上减少了多硫化物的穿梭。因此,在0.1C的倍率下,多孔碳@单质硫复合材料首次放电比容量高达1 125.9 mAh/g,300次循环后比容量可保持305.1 mAh/g。

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关键词: 锂硫电池正极材料蜂窝状多孔碳电化学性能

Abstract: The further development of lithium sulfur battery is severely hindered by the insulation of elemental sulfur and its final product Li₂S as well as the structural collapse caused by their density difference, so finding a suitable carrier material is an efficient strategy to address the above-mentioned problems. In this work, a honeycomb-like porous carbon is selected as the host material for the sulfur cathode, the sulfur is immobilized in the pores of porous carbon by conventional melt diffusion method, and porous carbon@sulfur composite is characterized by SEM, XRD, XPS and BET techniques. The results show that the sulfur was uniformly loaded in the carbon skeleton. Meanwhile, the high electrical conductivity and honeycomb-like structure of porous carbon not only provide an electronic conductive network for the sulfur, but also ensures the stability of the cathode. More importantly, the honeycomb structure gives some buffer space for the volume expansion of the sulfur cathode during the cycling process, which lessens the trouble of structural collapse. In addition, the abundant pores in the host material decrease the shuttling of polysulfides to some extent. Therefore, the specific capacity of porous carbon@sulfur composite can deliver 1 125.9 mAh/g at 0.1C during the first discharging and maintain 305.1 mAh/g after 300 cycles.

Key words: lithium-sulfur battery cathode material honeycomb-like porous carbon electrochemical performance

出版日期: 2024-08-25 发布日期: 2024-09-10

ZTFLH:

O646.21

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(51763014;52073133);甘肃省重点人才项目

通讯作者: *冉奋,兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院教授、博士研究生导师,科睿唯安“高被引学者”。沈阳化工大学高分子复合材料本科毕业,分别于北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院(化工资源有效利用国家重点实验室)、四川大学高分子科学与工程学院(高分子材料工程国家重点实验室)获得工学硕士、工学博士学位。新加坡国立大学访问研究员、美国加州大学圣克鲁斯分校访问学者,美国加州大学圣芭芭拉分校学习双语教育教学法。在Advanced Energy Materials、Materials Science & Engineering R-Reports InfoMat、Acta Materialia等期刊发表论文150余篇。ranfen@163.com,ranfen@lut.edu.cn

作者简介: 康小雅,2018年在兰州理工大学高分子材料与工程专业获得学士学位,2021年硕士毕业于兰州理工大学高分子材料物理与化学。目前在兰州理工大学攻读博士学位,从事新能源材料的研究。

引用本文:

康小雅, 何天启, 朱福良, 冉奋. 蜂窝状多孔碳材料装载硫单质及其在锂硫电池中的储能性能研究[J]. 材料导报, 2024, 38(16): 23010004-6.
KANG Xiaoya, HE Tianqi, ZHU Fuliang, RAN Fen. Study of Sulfur Loaded in Honeycomb-Like Porous Carbon Materials and Energy Storage Performance in Lithium-Sulfur Battery. Materials Reports, 2024, 38(16): 23010004-6.

链接本文:

http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.23010004 或 http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2024/V38/I16/23010004

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