碳化硼陶瓷的力学特性和破坏行为研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.19090221

材料导报

2020, Vol. 34

Issue (23): 23064-23073 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.19090221

无机非金属及其复合材料

碳化硼陶瓷的力学特性和破坏行为研究进展

蒋招绣, 高光发

南京理工大学机械工程学院,南京 210094

Research Progress on Mechanical Properties and Failure Behavior of Boron Carbide Ceramics

JIANG Zhaoxiu, GAO Guangfa

School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China

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摘要碳化硼陶瓷具有高熔点、高硬度、高强度和低密度的特征,作为一种性能优异的特种陶瓷,在以减重与防护能力为首的轻型装甲中,成为优先选择的装甲陶瓷材料。对于陶瓷材料的抗弹,通常是以自身损伤断裂来消耗弹丸的动能,在弹道冲击下,陶瓷靶不仅处于复杂的应力状态,同时还受应力波波动的影响,整个损伤断裂演化是一个极其复杂的过程,其最终的抗弹性能,除了受材料自身的物理、力学特性影响外,还取决于弹丸的材料、形貌与边界条件。因此,对于装甲陶瓷材料的抗弹性能研究,不仅要关注其物理力学特性,同时还要关注其在不同载荷条件下的破坏行为。本文从装甲陶瓷的抗弹机理出发,对不同烧结方法制备的碳化硼陶瓷材料的韧性、硬度与强度进行总结,探讨碳化硼陶瓷在不同冲击载荷下的断裂机理、非晶化行为,并归纳了损伤本构模型。

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关键词: 装甲陶瓷碳化硼抗弹机理力学特性破坏机理

Abstract: Boron carbide ceramics have the characteristics of high melting point, high hardness, high strength and low density. As a kind of special ceramics with excellent performance, boron carbide has become the preferred choice of armor ceramics in the lightweight armor with weight reduction and protection capability. For ballistic behavior of armor ceramic materials, the kinetic energy of projectiles is usually consumed by the damage and fracture of ceramic materials. Under ballistic impact loading, the armor ceramics are always in complicated stress state, and also affected by the wave stress propagation, the whole damage and fracture of it is a complicated process. The ballistic performance of armor ceramics depend not only on the physical and mechanical properties of the material itself, but also on the boundary conditions and projectile materials and morphology. Therefore, in order to study the ballistic performance of armor ceramics, besides its physical and mechanical properties, we should also pay more attention to study their failure behavior under different loads. In this paper, on the base of ballistic resistance mechanism of armor ceramics, the research of mechanical properties and failure behavior for boron carbide ceramics are reviewed comprehensively. The hardness, toughness and strength of boron carbide ceramics for different sintering methods are analyzed. The fracture mechanism and amorphous behavior of boron carbide ceramics under different impact loads are discussed, and the damage constitutive model of ceramics are summarized.

Key words: armor ceramic boron carbide ballistic resistance mechanism mechanical properties failure mechanism

出版日期: 2020-12-10 发布日期: 2020-12-24

ZTFLH:	O341
	O346
	O347

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(11772160;11472008;11202206);爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验国家重点实验室基金(KFJJ18-01M);冲击与安全工程教育重点实验室(宁波大学)开放课题(Cj201903);国防科技创新特区项目,“十三五”装备预研领域基金(KFJJ13-9M);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(30915118801)

通讯作者: gfgao@ustc.edu.c

作者简介: 蒋招绣,2018年3月博士毕业于宁波大学机械工程学院工程力学专业,目前在南京理工大学兵器科学与技术专业进行博士后研究工作,主要从事材料动态响应及断裂相关的研究。近年来,已发表论文15篇,其中SCI、EI共10篇,发明专利一项,参与多项国防重点项目。
高光发,南京理工大学机械工程学院教授、博士研究生导师。2010年博士毕业于中国科学技术大学工程学院; 2011—2015年期间分别在中国科学技术大学和新加坡国立大学进行博士后研究工作;2016年回国任南京理工大学教授。近年来,负责国家级科研项目(包含国家自然科学基金等面上和国防重大项目等项目)8项,省部级项目多项;作为主要成员承担国防重点和重大项目等国家级项目9项;出版著作4部,发表学术论文40余篇。

引用本文:

蒋招绣, 高光发. 碳化硼陶瓷的力学特性和破坏行为研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2020, 34(23): 23064-23073.
JIANG Zhaoxiu, GAO Guangfa. Research Progress on Mechanical Properties and Failure Behavior of Boron Carbide Ceramics. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(23): 23064-23073.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.19090221 或 http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2020/V34/I23/23064

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