Research Progress of Preparation and Application of Aramid Nanofibers
ZHANG Meiyun, LUO Jingjing, YANG Bin, LIU Guodong, SONG Shunxi
National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Abstract: With the advancement of nanoscience and technology, various nanomaterials like nanocellulose, carbon nanotube, graphene nanosheet and metal nanorod are gradually coming into people’s view. Based on the special nanometer effect, nanomaterials exhibit physical or chemical properties those conventional macroscopical materials do not have, which have been developed rapidly in the various fields of science. Among them, high-performance nanoscale building blocks such as aramid nanofibers (ANFs) are one of the research hotspots. However, it is quite difficult to achieve the nanoscale preparation of aramid fibers due to their characteristics like high strength and modulus, high crystallinity and excellent corrosion resistance. Therefore, it really remains an urgent need to seek for a simple, quick and effective ANFs preparation technique to achieve the functionalization, high-performance and multipurpose utilization of the intersection of various scientific fields of ANFs. At present, there are just a few available techniques to prepare ANFs, which can be mainly divided into top-to-bottom and bottom-to-top two strategies. The top-to-bottom strategy refers to the electrospinning, rotary jet-spinning, mechanical disintegration synergized by alkaline and alkaline dissolution, whilst the bottom-to-top strategy points to the polymerization assisted by dispersion. Among these ANFs preparation techniques, alkaline dissolution is the most widely used one which has not only achieved the efficient and controllable preparation of ANFs, but also has better retained the advantages of aramid fibers in terms of structure and performance. Combined with the dual advantages of excellent performances of aramid fiber and special nanoscale effects of nanofiber, ANFs can effectively solve the problems of high chemical inertness, low reactive activity and poor interfacial adhesion of aramid fibers as a novel nanoscale building block. This makes ANFs display promising prospects in composite reinforcement, battery separator, adsorption filtration, electrical insulation and flexible electrode fields. Nevertheless, some problems also exist in the preparation and application of ANFs: first, ANFs preparation techniques still has the difficulty in their long preparation period, high energy consumption, large fiber size and low film forming strength; the application studies of ANFs are still in the laboratory research stage, and there is still a long distance to achieve their real scale, functionalization and utilization of high-performance. This review focuses on the research progress of ANFs. Firstly, the preparation techniques of ANFs are introduced. Then the applications of ANFs in various fields are analyzed, and we present the main problems that ANFs are facing and some prospects are given. The purpose of this work is to offer a reference for the low energy consumption but high efficiency preparation and high-value utilization of ANFs.
作者简介: 张美云,博士研究生导师,入选国家“万人计划”领军人才,是全国优秀科技工作者、教育部首批“全国黄大年式教师团队”负责人。目前主要从事高性能纤维纸基功能材料研究,主持国家重点研发计划、863项目等国家级项目20余项,获国家科技进步奖二等奖2项、省部级科学技术奖一等奖4项;授权国家发明专利56项;出版专著6部;发表论文490余篇;罗晶晶,2016年6月毕业于陕西科技大学,获得工学学士学位。现为陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院硕士研究生,在张美云老师和杨斌老师的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为芳纶纳米纤维的制备及其应用;杨斌,2013年6月毕业于陕西科技大学,获得轻工技术与工程硕士学位,毕业后留校工作,是张美云教授带领的高性能纸基功能材料团队核心骨干成员。主要从事高性能纸基功能材料和先进纤维基功能材料研究。目前正在西北工业大学材料学专业在职攻读博士学位,师从张秋禹教授。研究成果获国家科技进步二等奖1项、教育部技术发明一等奖1项,在ACS Nano, ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng., Compos. Part B-Eng.等期刊发表SCI收录论文10篇,参编教材1部,授权发明专利5项。
引用本文:
张美云, 罗晶晶, 杨斌, 刘国栋, 宋顺喜. 芳纶纳米纤维的制备及应用研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2020, 34(5): 5158-5166.
ZHANG Meiyun, LUO Jingjing, YANG Bin, LIU Guodong, SONG Shunxi. Research Progress of Preparation and Application of Aramid Nanofibers. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(5): 5158-5166.
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