新能源汽车对无取向硅钢的技术挑战

doi:10.11896/cldb.20050259

材料导报

2021, Vol. 35

Issue (15): 15183-15188 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.20050259

金属与金属基复合材料

新能源汽车对无取向硅钢的技术挑战

樊立峰¹, 秦美美¹, 岳尔斌², 肖丽俊³, 何建中⁴

1 内蒙古工业大学材料科学与工程学院,呼和浩特 010051
2 江苏冶金技术研究院,张家港 215600
3 钢铁研究总院,北京 100081
4 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司,包头 014010

Technological Challenges of New Energy Vehicle to Non-oriented Silicon Steel

FAN Lifeng¹, QIN Meimei¹, Yue Erbin², XIAO Lijun³, HE Jianzhong⁴

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
2 JiangSu Metallurgical Technology Research Institute,Zhangjiagang 215600, China
3 Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
4 Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, China

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摘要环保与能源问题对汽车工业的可持续发展提出了严峻的挑战。在不可再生资源日益紧张的情况下,发展新能源汽车可以减少国家石油资源消耗,削减车辆运行阶段大气污染物的排放,对调整能源结构、改善城市空气质量,保障人群健康均有重要意义。新能源汽车是低碳经济的必然选择,代表汽车产业的发展趋势。
无取向硅钢是汽车驱动电机的核心材料之一。新能源汽车驱动电机最大转速由每分钟几千转提高到几万转甚至高达20万转,工作频率由50 Hz提高到数百数千赫兹,这就要求材料在高频下必须具有低铁损;驱动电机启动、加速时要有高的扭矩,即材料必须具有高的磁感应强度;还要满足驱动电机反复启动和刹车要求,即材料应具有高强度。因此,新能源汽车用无取向硅钢的硬核指标为“高磁感(High magnetic induction)、高频低铁损(High-frequency low-iron loss)、高强度(High strength)”,简称H³技术。研究表明,普通无取向硅钢铁损值在400 Hz下较工频下增加20倍以上,因此普通无取向硅钢难以用于新能源汽车。
本文针对新能源汽车驱动电机H³技术要求,探讨了微细夹杂物、晶粒尺寸、冷轧压下率等参数对无取向硅钢高频磁性能的影响机理及控制策略,阐述了新能源汽车驱动电机用无取向硅钢的最新研究进展与生产现状,提出了制造新能源汽车驱动电机用无取向硅钢的关键科学问题。

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关键词: 组织织构微细夹杂物超薄高牌号无取向硅钢新能源汽车

Abstract: The problems of environmental protection and energy-saving put forward real challenges to the sustainable development of automotive industry. Under the condition of non-renewable resources is increasingly nervous currently,the development of new energy vehicle becomes the important way of energy saving and emission reduction, not only can reduce the oil consumption, but also cut down the total amount of the atmospheric pollutants discharged, which is significant to adjust energy structure, improve city air quality and safeguard human health. The new energy vehicle is an inevitable choice for low-carbon economy, which shows Auto industry developing trends.
Non-oriented silicon steel is one of the core materials of driving Motor. The motor maximum RPM of new energy vehicle is raised from thousands of revolutions a minute to tens of thousands, even up to 200 000 r/min, the working frequency is raised from 50 Hz to hundreds to thousands Hz accordingly,which demand materials have low iron loss at high frequency. The materials must have the high magnetic induction to provide higher torque output when the vehicle starting and accelerating. Meanwhile, the materials must have the high strength to satisfy requirements of vehicle starting and braking numerous times. High-frequency low-iron loss, high magnetic induction and high strength are the hardcore indicators of non-oriented silicon steel for driving motor of new energy vehicle (H³ technology for short). Research shows that the iron loss of ordinary non-oriented silicon steel in 400 Hz increases nearly 20 times than that in 50 Hz, so it hard to meet the new energy vehicle.
According to H³ Technology requirements, the impact mechanism of microinclusion, grain size, cold reduction ratio on high frequency magnetic properties was discussed in this paper. Furthermore, the latest research development and current production situation of non-oriented silicon steel for driving motor of new energy vehicle were revealed. Finally, the key scientific problems on manufacturing technology of non-oriented silicon steel for driving motor of new energy vehicle were put forward.

Key words: microstructure texture microinclusion ultra-thin high grade non-oriented silicon steel new energy vehicle

出版日期: 2021-08-10 发布日期: 2021-08-31

ZTFLH:

TG21

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金项目(51661026);轧制技术及连轧自动化国家重点实验室课题(2019-KF-25-09);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2020MS05006);内蒙古关键技术攻关计划(2020GG0265)

作者简介: 樊立峰,内蒙古工业大学材料科学与工程学院副教授。2014年毕业于钢铁研究总院,获钢铁冶金博士学位,主要从事硅钢组织、织构控制理论研究,相关研究成果授权国家发明专利10项,发表学术论文40余篇,获内蒙古自治区科技进步二等奖1项。

引用本文:

樊立峰, 秦美美, 岳尔斌, 肖丽俊, 何建中. 新能源汽车对无取向硅钢的技术挑战[J]. 材料导报, 2021, 35(15): 15183-15188.
FAN Lifeng, QIN Meimei, Yue Erbin, XIAO Lijun, HE Jianzhong. Technological Challenges of New Energy Vehicle to Non-oriented Silicon Steel. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(15): 15183-15188.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.20050259 或 http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2021/V35/I15/15183

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