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材料导报  2019, Vol. 33 Issue (Z2): 604-608    
  高分子与聚合物基复合材料 |
聚合物基水滑石-石墨烯复合阻燃材料的研究进展
安文1,2, 马建中1,2, 徐群娜1,2
1 陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院,国家轻工化学实验工程示范中心,西安 710021;
2 陕西农产品加工技术研究所,西安 710021
Research Progress of Polymer-based Hydrotalcite-Graphene Flame RetardantComposites
AN Wen1,2, MA Jianzhong1,2, XU Qunna1,2
1 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021;
2 Shaanxi Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Xi’an 710021
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摘要 近年来,高分子材料已广泛应用于民用、工业和建筑等各个领域,但其具有潜在的火灾危险,因此,在实际生产过程中,制备阻燃型高分子材料具有一定的必要性。制备阻燃型高分子材料常用的方法是在高分子材料中引入阻燃剂,不仅可以消除或降低材料的可燃性,还可减少火灾的发生和蔓延。阻燃剂主要分为两种,一是有机阻燃剂,二是无机阻燃剂。随着人类对环保问题的重视,无机阻燃剂由于具有危害性小、抑烟效果好、污染小而被广泛应用于高分子加工过程中,以提高高分子基体的阻燃性能。
随着科技的发展,无机纳米材料已逐渐应用于人们的日常生活中。水滑石和石墨烯因具有独特的结构和特殊的性能而受到研究者的广泛关注。水滑石是由层间阴离子及带正电荷层板堆积而成的二维层状材料,具有主体层板金属离子组成的可调变性、主体层板电荷密度及其分布的可调变性、插层阴离子客体种类及数量可调变性和层内空间可调变性等多种结构特点,可将其引入高分子基体中,从而广泛应用于阻燃、吸附和催化等不同的领域。而石墨烯也是一种二维层状材料,是目前已知最薄、最坚硬的纳米材料,具有结构稳定、超强导电性、超高强度和优异的韧度等优异特性,可将其引入高分子基体中,由于其特殊的组成和结构,可广泛应用在阻燃、电子信息和生物医学等领域。因此,水滑石和石墨烯两种二维层状材料在阻燃领域均有一定的发展前景。为进一步提高高分子材料的阻燃性能,有不少研究者采用不同方法制备水滑石-石墨烯(LDH-rGO)复合材料,并将其引入高分子体系中,制备聚合物基LDH-rGO复合材料,探究其阻燃性能。
本文将主要综述LDH-rGO的基本性能及制备方法和聚合物基LDH-rGO复合材料的制备方法,重点介绍聚合物基LDH-rGO复合材料在阻燃方面的应用研究进展。最后,结合本领域现状和课题组前期研究基础,对聚合物基LDH-rGO复合材料未来的发展趋势进行了展望。
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安文
马建中
徐群娜
关键词:  水滑石-石墨烯  阻燃  聚合物    
Abstract: In recent years, polymer materials have been widely used in civil, industrial and construction fields. However, most of the traditional macromolecule materials are composed of hydrocarbon elements in the process of production and processing, which have potential fire hazards. Therefore, it is necessary to prepared flame retardant polymer in the production process. The common method of preparing flame retardant polymer is introduce flame retardant into polymer materials. Not only to overcome or reduce the flammability of materials, but also reduce the occurrence and spread of fire. Flame retardants are mainly divided into two types: organic and inorganic flame retardants. With the importance of environmental protection, inorganic flame retardants have been widely used in polymer processing to improve the flame retardancy for their less harmfulness, good smoke suppression effect and less pollution.
With the development of science and technology, inorganic nanomaterials have been gradually applied in daily life. Layered double hydroxides (LDH) and graphene have attracted much attention because of unique structure and special properties. LDH is a two-dimensional layered material consisting of interlayer anions and positively charged layers. It has many structural characteristics, such as adjustable variability of metal ions composition, charge density and distribution of main layers, adjustable variability of species and quantity of intercalated anions, and adjustable variability of space in layers. It is used in different fields such as flame retardant, adsorption and catalysis. Graphene is also a two-dimensional layered material. It is the thinnest and hardest nanomaterial known at present. It has excellent properties such as structural stability, superconductivity, super-high strength and excellent toughness. Graphene can be introduced into polymer because its special composition and structure, it can be widely used in flame retardant, electronic information and biomedical research fields. Therefore, two kinds of materials, LDH and graphene, have certain development prospects in the field of flame retardant. In order to further improve the flame retardant properties of polymer, many resear-chers have prepared LDH-rGO composites via different methods and introduced them into polymer system to prepare polymer-based LDH-rGO composites. The results showed that polymer-based LDH-rGO composites not only can improved flame retardant significantly, but also be widely used in batteries, adsorption, catalysis and other fields.
In this paper,we reviewed the basic properties and preparation methods of LDH-rGO and the preparation methods of polymer-based LDH-rGO composites. The application of polymer-based LDH-rGO composites in flame retardant was introduced. Finally, the future development trend of polymer-based LDH-rGO composites was prospected based on the current situation in this field and the previous research foundation of the research group.
Key words:  layered double hydroxides-gaphene    flame retardancy    composite
               出版日期:  2019-11-25      发布日期:  2019-11-25
ZTFLH:  TQ630.4+3  
  TQ314.1  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金重点项目(21838007);陕西省创新人才推进计划-青年科技新星项目(2019KJXX-011)
通讯作者:  majz@sust.edu.cn   
作者简介:  安文,2017年6月毕业于宝鸡文理学院,获得理学学士学位。现为陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院硕士研究生,在马建中教授的指导下进行科学研究。目前主要从事天然产物基有机-无机纳米复合材料的研究。
马建中,现任陕西科技大学校长,博士研究生导师。国务院学位委员会轻工技术与工程学科评议组召集人,主持国家重点研发计划、973预研计划、863计划、国家自然科学基金重点项目及横向项目50余项,获得国家科技进步二等奖1项,国家技术发明二等奖1项,何梁何利基金产业创新奖1项(第一完成人),主要研究方向有:(1)水性高分子的设计与和合成,(2) 有机/无机纳米复合材料的关键技术,(3)轻纺化学产品的技术与应用。出版著作8部,申请PCT国际发明专利10项;授权国家发明专利80余项,实用新型专利4项;发表学术论文400余篇(SCI/EI 200余篇,ESI高被引3篇)。
引用本文:    
安文, 马建中, 徐群娜. 聚合物基水滑石-石墨烯复合阻燃材料的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2019, 33(Z2): 604-608.
AN Wen, MA Jianzhong, XU Qunna. Research Progress of Polymer-based Hydrotalcite-Graphene Flame RetardantComposites. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(Z2): 604-608.
链接本文:  
http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/  或          http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2019/V33/IZ2/604
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